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 程式師世界 >> 編程語言 >> C語言 >> C >> 關於C >> C語言學習趣事_MSCRT_IO_SourceFile

C語言學習趣事_MSCRT_IO_SourceFile

編輯:關於C

前些時候,貼了一段微軟的printf代碼,園子裡的大俠們說要看看output的代碼,這不最近有幸看了微軟的

output代碼,所以貼上來給園子裡大俠看看。

    Tip:

         源代碼版權歸微軟所有,這裡僅貼出來供大家看看。

?/***
*output.c - printf style output to a FILE
*
*   Copyright (c) 1989-1991, Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
*Purpose:
*   This file contains the code that does all the work for the
*   printf family of functions.  It should not be called directly, only
*   by the *printf functions.  We don't make any assumtions about the
*   sizes of ints, longs, shorts, or long doubles, but if types do overlap,
*   we also try to be efficient.  We do assume that pointers are the same
*   size as either ints or longs.
*   If CPRFLAG is defined, defines _cprintf instead.
*   **** DOESN'T CURRENTLY DO MTHREAD LOCKING ****
*
*Revision History:
*   06-01-89  PHG   Module created
*   08-28-89  JCR   Added cast to get rid of warning (no object changes)
*   02-15-90  GJF   Fixed copyright
*   03-19-90  GJF   Made calling type _CALLTYPE1 and added #include
*           <cruntime.h>.
*   03-26-90  GJF   Changed LOCAL macro to incorporate _CALLTYPE4. Placed
*           prototype for _output() in internal.h and #include-d
*           it.
*   08-01-90  SBM   Compiles cleanly with -W3, moved _cfltcvt_tab and
*           typedefs DOUBLE and LONGDOUBLE to new header
*           <fltintrn.h>, formerly named <struct.h>
*   09-05-90  SBM   First attempt at adding CPRFLAG and code to generate
*           cprintf.  Anything in #ifdef CPRFLAG untested.
*           Still needs to have locking added for MTHREAD case.
*   10-03-90  GJF   New-style function declarators.
*   01-02-91  SRW   Added _WIN32_ conditional for 'C' and 'S' format chars.
*   01-16-91  GJF   ANSI naming.
*   01-16-91  SRW   Added #include of maketabc.out (_WIN32_)
*   04-09-91  PNT   Use the _CRUISER_ mapping for _MAC_
*   04-16-91  SRW   Fixed #include of maketabc.out (_WIN32_)
*   04-25-91  SRW   Made nullstring static
*   05-20-91  GJF   Moved state table for Win32 inline (_WIN32_).
*   09-12-91  JCR   Bumped conversion buffer size to be ANSI-compliant
*   09-17-91  IHJ   Add partial UNICODE (%ws, %wc) support
*   09-28-91  GJF   Merged with crt32 and crtdll versions. For now, 9-17-91
*           change is built only for Win32, not Dosx32 (_WIN32_).
*   10-22-91  ETC   Complete wchar_t/mb support under _INTL.  For now,
*           9-28-91 change is additionally under !_INTL.  Bug fix:
*           ints and pointers are longs.
*   11-19-91  ETC   Added support for _wsprintf, _vwsprintf with WPRFLAG;
*           added %tc %ts (generic string handling).
*   12-05-91  GDP   Bug fix: va_arg was used inconsistently for double
*   12-19-91  ETC   Added some comments on wsprintf optimization, undones;
*           check return on malloc.
*   03-25-92  DJM   POSIX support
*   04-16-92  KRS   Support new ISO {s|f}wprintf with Unicode format string.
*   06-08-92  SRW   Modified to not use free and malloc for mbtowc conversion.
*   06-10-92  KRS   Fix glitch in previous change.
*   07-14-92  TVB   Added Alpha support (quad stuff).
*   07-17-92  KRS   Fix typo which broke WPRFLAG support.
*   04-16-93  SKS   Fix bug in 'S' option logic.
*   07-16-93  SRW   ALPHA Merge
*   08-17-93  CFW   Avoid mapping tchar macros incorrectly if _MBCS defined.
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
/* temporary hack to minimize changes. This should go into fltintrn.h */
#if defined(_M_MRX000) || defined(_M_ALPHA) || defined(_M_PPC)
#define DOUBLE double
#endif
 
 
#include <cruntime.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <cvt.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <internal.h>
#include <fltintrn.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <assert.h>
 
/* inline keyword is non-ANSI C7 extension */
/* CONSIDER: move to cruntime.h! */
#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__STDC__)
#define __inline static
#else
/* UNDONE: compiler is broken */
#define __inline static
#endif
 
#if defined(WPRFLAG) && !defined(_UNICODE)
#define _UNICODE 1
#endif
#ifdef _MBCS    /* always want either Unicode or SBCS for tchar.h */
#undef _MBCS
#endif
#include <tchar.h>
 
/* this macro defines a function which is private and as fast as possible: */
/* for example, in C 6.0, it might be static _fastcall <type> near. */
#define LOCAL(x) static x _CALLTYPE4
 
/* int/long/short/pointer sizes */
 
/* the following should be set depending on the sizes of various types */
#define LONG_IS_INT      1       /* 1 means long is same size as int */
#define SHORT_IS_INT         0       /* 1 means short is same size as int */
#define LONGDOUBLE_IS_DOUBLE 1       /* 1 means long double is same as double */
#define PTR_IS_INT       1       /* 1 means ptr is same size as int */
#define PTR_IS_LONG      1       /* 1 means ptr is same size as long */
 
#if LONG_IS_INT
    #define get_long_arg(x) (long)get_int_arg(x)
#endif
 
#ifndef WPRFLAG
#if SHORT_IS_INT
    #define get_short_arg(x) (short)get_int_arg(x)
#endif
#endif
 
#if PTR_IS_INT
    #define get_ptr_arg(x) (void *)get_int_arg(x)
#elif PTR_IS_LONG
    #define get_ptr_arg(x) (void *)get_long_arg(x)
#else
    #error Size of pointer must be same as size of int or long
#endif
 
 
 
/* CONSTANTS */
 
/* size of conversion buffer (ANSI-specified minimum is 509) */
 
#define BUFFERSIZE    512
 
#if (BUFFERSIZE < CVTBUFSIZE)
#error Conversion buffer too small for max double.
#endif
 
/* flag definitions */
#define FL_SIGN       0x0001      /* put plus or minus in front */
#define FL_SIGNSP     0x0002      /* put space or minus in front */
#define FL_LEFT       0x0004      /* left justify */
#define FL_LEADZERO   0x0008      /* pad with leading zeros */
#define FL_LONG       0x0010      /* long value given */
#define FL_SHORT      0x0020      /* short value given */
#define FL_SIGNED     0x0040      /* signed data given */
#define FL_ALTERNATE  0x0080      /* alternate form requested */
#define FL_NEGATIVE   0x0100      /* value is negative */
#define FL_FORCEOCTAL 0x0200      /* force leading '0' for octals */
#define FL_LONGDOUBLE 0x0400      /* long double value given */
#define FL_WIDECHAR   0x0800      /* wide characters */
 
/* state definitions */
enum STATE {
    ST_NORMAL,          /* normal state; outputting literal chars */
    ST_PERCENT,         /* just read '%' */
    ST_FLAG,            /* just read flag character */
    ST_WIDTH,           /* just read width specifier */
    ST_DOT,         /* just read '.' */
    ST_PRECIS,          /* just read precision specifier */
    ST_SIZE,            /* just read size specifier */
    ST_TYPE         /* just read type specifier */
};
#define NUMSTATES (ST_TYPE + 1)
 
/* character type values */
enum CHARTYPE {
    CH_OTHER,           /* character with no special meaning */
    CH_PERCENT,         /* '%' */
    CH_DOT,         /* '.' */
    CH_STAR,            /* '*' */
    CH_ZERO,            /* '0' */
    CH_DIGIT,           /* '1'..'9' */
    CH_FLAG,            /* ' ', '+', '-', '#' */
    CH_SIZE,            /* 'h', 'l', 'L', 'N', 'F', 'w' */
    CH_TYPE         /* type specifying character */
};
 
/* static data (read only, since we are re-entrant) */
#if defined(WPRFLAG) || defined(CPRFLAG)
extern char *__nullstring;  /* string to print on null ptr */
extern wchar_t *__wnullstring;  /* string to print on null ptr */
#else   /* WPRFLAG || CPRFLAG */
char *__nullstring = "(null)";  /* string to print on null ptr */
wchar_t *__wnullstring = L"(null)";/* string to print on null ptr */
#endif  /* WPRFLAG || CPRFLAG */
 
/* The state table.  This table is actually two tables combined into one. */
/* The lower nybble of each byte gives the character class of any     */
/* character; while the uper nybble of the byte gives the next state      */
/* to enter.  See the macros below the table for details.                 */
/*                                                                        */
/* The table is generated by maketabc.c -- use this program to make       */
/* changes.                                                               */
 
#if defined(WPRFLAG) || defined(CPRFLAG)
extern const char __lookuptable[];
#else   /* WPRFLAG/CPRFLAG */
#if defined(_CRUISER_) || defined(_MAC_)
 
/* Table generated by maketabc.c built with -D_CRUISER_.          */
 
const char __lookuptable[] = {
     0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x10, 0x00, 0x03, 0x06, 0x00, 0x06, 0x02, 0x10,
     0x04, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
     0x05, 0x35, 0x30, 0x00, 0x50, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x20, 0x20, 0x38, 0x50, 0x58, 0x07, 0x08,
     0x00, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x57, 0x50, 0x07, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x20, 0x20, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x08, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x70, 0x70, 0x78, 0x78, 0x78, 0x78, 0x08,
     0x07, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x08, 0x08,
     0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x07,
     0x08
};
 
#else   /* ndef _CRUISER_ || _MAC_ */
 
#if defined(_WIN32_) || defined(_POSIX_)
 
/* Table generated by maketabc.c built with -D_WIN32_. Defines additional */
/* format code %Z for counted string.                     */
 
const char __lookuptable[] = {
     0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x10, 0x00, 0x03, 0x06, 0x00, 0x06, 0x02, 0x10,
     0x04, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
     0x05, 0x35, 0x30, 0x00, 0x50, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x20, 0x20, 0x38, 0x50, 0x58, 0x07, 0x08,
     0x00, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x57, 0x50, 0x07, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x20, 0x20, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
     0x08, 0x60, 0x68, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00,
     0x00, 0x70, 0x70, 0x78, 0x78, 0x78, 0x78, 0x08,
     0x07, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x08, 0x08,
     0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x07,
     0x08
};
 
#else   /* ndef _WIN32_ */
 
#error ERROR - ONLY CRUISER, WIN32, POSIX, OR MAC TARGET SUPPORTED!
 
#endif  /* _WIN32_ || _POSIX_ */
 
#endif  /* _CRUISER_ || _MAC_ */
 
#endif  /* WPRFLAG || CPRFLAG */
 
#define find_char_class(c)      \
    ((c) < _T(' ') || (c) > _T('x') ? \
        CH_OTHER            \
    :               \
        __lookuptable[(c)-_T(' ')] & 0xF)
 
#define find_next_state(class, state)   \
    (__lookuptable[(class) * NUMSTATES + (state)] >> 4)
 
 
/*
 * Note: CPRFLAG and WPRFLAG cases are currently mutually exclusive.
 */
 
/* prototypes */
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
 
#define WRITE_CHAR(ch, pnw)     write_char(ch, pnw)
#define WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(ch, num, pnw)  write_multi_char(ch, num, pnw)
#define WRITE_STRING(s, len, pnw)   write_string(s, len, pnw)
#define WRITE_WSTRING(s, len, pnw)      write_wstring(s, len, pnw)
 
LOCAL(void) write_char(int ch, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char(int ch, int num, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_string(char *string, int len, int *numwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_wstring(wchar_t *string, int len, int *numwritten);
 
#elif WPRFLAG
 
#define WRITE_CHAR(ch, pnw)     write_char(ch, stream, pnw)
#define WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(ch, num, pnw)  write_multi_char(ch, num, stream, pnw)
#define WRITE_STRING(s, len, pnw)   write_string(s, len, stream, pnw)
 
LOCAL(void) write_char(int ch, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char(wchar_t ch, int num, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_string(wchar_t *string, int len, FILE *f, int *numwritten);
 
#else
 
#define WRITE_CHAR(ch, pnw)     write_char(ch, stream, pnw)
#define WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(ch, num, pnw)  write_multi_char(ch, num, stream, pnw)
#define WRITE_STRING(s, len, pnw)   write_string(s, len, stream, pnw)
#define WRITE_WSTRING(s, len, pnw)      write_wstring(s, len, stream, pnw)
 
LOCAL(void) write_char(int ch, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char(int ch, int num, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_string(char *string, int len, FILE *f, int *numwritten);
LOCAL(void) write_wstring(wchar_t *string, int len, FILE *f, int *numwritten);
 
#endif
 
__inline int _CALLTYPE4 get_int_arg(va_list *pargptr);
 
#ifndef WPRFLAG
#if !SHORT_IS_INT
__inline short _CALLTYPE4 get_short_arg(va_list *pargptr);
#endif
#endif
 
#if !LONG_IS_INT
__inline long _CALLTYPE4 get_long_arg(va_list *pargptr);
#endif
 
#ifdef _ALPHA_
__inline __int64 _CALLTYPE4 get_quad_arg(va_list *pargptr);
#endif
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
LOCAL(int) output(const char *, va_list);
 
/***
*int _cprintf(format, arglist) - write formatted output directly to console
*
*Purpose:
*   Writes formatted data like printf, but uses console I/O functions.
*
*Entry:
*   char *format - format string to determine data formats
*   arglist - list of POINTERS to where to put data
*
*Exit:
*   returns number of characters written
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
int _CALLTYPE2 _cprintf (
    const char * format,
    ...
    )
{
    va_list arglist;
 
    va_start(arglist, format);
 
    return output(format, arglist);
}
 
#endif  /* CPRFLAG */
 
 
/***
*int _output(stream, format, argptr), static int output(format, argptr)
*
*Purpose:
*   Output performs printf style output onto a stream.  It is called by
*   printf/fprintf/sprintf/vprintf/vfprintf/vsprintf to so the dirty
*   work.  In multi-thread situations, _output assumes that the given
*   stream is already locked.
*
*   Algorithm:
*   The format string is parsed by using a finite state automaton
*   based on the current state and the current character read from
*   the format string.  Thus, looping is on a per-character basis,
*   not a per conversion specifier basis.  Once the format specififying
*   character is read, output is performed.
*
*Entry:
*   FILE *stream   - stream for output
*   char *format   - printf style format string
*   va_list argptr - pointer to list of subsidiary arguments
*
*Exit:
*   Returns the number of characters written, or -1 if an output error
*   occurs.
#ifdef WPRFLAG
*   The wide-character flavour returns the number of wide-characters written.
#endif
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
LOCAL(int) output (
#elif WPRFLAG
int _CALLTYPE1 _woutput (
    FILE *stream,
#else
int _CALLTYPE1 _output (
    FILE *stream,
#endif
    const TCHAR *format,
    va_list argptr
    )
{
    int hexadd;     /* offset to add to number to get 'a'..'f' */
    TCHAR ch;       /* character just read */
    int flags;      /* flag word -- see #defines above for flag values */
    enum STATE state;   /* current state */
    enum CHARTYPE chclass; /* class of current character */
    int radix;      /* current conversion radix */
    int charsout;   /* characters currently written so far, -1 = IO error */
    int fldwidth;   /* selected field width -- 0 means default */
    int precision;  /* selected precision  -- -1 means default */
    TCHAR prefix[2];    /* numeric prefix -- up to two characters */
    int prefixlen;  /* length of prefix -- 0 means no prefix */
    int capexp;     /* non-zero = 'E' exponent signifient, zero = 'e' */
    int no_output;  /* non-zero = prodcue no output for this specifier */
    union {
    char *sz;   /* pointer text to be printed, not zero terminated */
    wchar_t *wz;
    } text; 
 
    int textlen;    /* length of the text in bytes/wchars to be printed.
               textlen is in multibyte or wide chars if WPRFLAG */
    union {
    char sz[BUFFERSIZE];
#ifdef WPRFLAG
    wchar_t wz[BUFFERSIZE];
#endif
    } buffer;
    wchar_t wchar;  /* temp wchar_t */
    int bufferiswide;   /* non-zero = buffer contains wide chars already */
 
    charsout = 0;       /* no characters written yet */
    state = ST_NORMAL;      /* starting state */
 
    /* main loop -- loop while format character exist and no I/O errors */
    while ((ch = *format++) != _T('\0') && charsout >= 0) {
    chclass = find_char_class(ch);  /* find character class */
    state = find_next_state(chclass, state); /* find next state */
 
    /* execute code for each state */
    switch (state) {
 
    case ST_NORMAL:
        /* normal state -- just write character */
#ifdef WPRFLAG
        bufferiswide = 1;
#else
        bufferiswide = 0;
        if (isleadbyte((int)(unsigned char)ch)) {
        WRITE_CHAR(ch, &charsout);
        ch = *format++;
        assert (ch != _T('\0')); /* UNDONE: don't fall off format string */
        }
#endif /* !WPRFLAG */
        WRITE_CHAR(ch, &charsout);
        break;
 
    case ST_PERCENT:
        /* set default value of conversion parameters */
        prefixlen = fldwidth = no_output = capexp = 0;
        flags = 0;
        precision = -1;
        bufferiswide = 0;   /* default */
        break;
 
    case ST_FLAG:
        /* set flag based on which flag character */
        switch (ch) {
        case _T('-'):
        flags |= FL_LEFT;   /* '-' => left justify */
        break;
        case _T('+'):
        flags |= FL_SIGN;   /* '+' => force sign indicator */
        break;
        case _T(' '):
        flags |= FL_SIGNSP; /* ' ' => force sign or space */
        break;
        case _T('#'):
        flags |= FL_ALTERNATE;  /* '#' => alternate form */
        break;
        case _T('0'):
        flags |= FL_LEADZERO;   /* '0' => pad with leading zeros */
        break;
        }
        break;
 
    case ST_WIDTH:
        /* update width value */
        if (ch == _T('*')) {
        /* get width from arg list */
        fldwidth = get_int_arg(&argptr);
        if (fldwidth < 0) {
            /* ANSI says neg fld width means '-' flag and pos width */
            flags |= FL_LEFT;
            fldwidth = -fldwidth;
        }
        }
        else {
        /* add digit to current field width */
        fldwidth = fldwidth * 10 + (ch - _T('0'));
        }
        break;
 
    case ST_DOT:
        /* zero the precision, since dot with no number means 0
           not default, according to ANSI */
        precision = 0;
        break;
 
    case ST_PRECIS:
        /* update precison value */
        if (ch == _T('*')) {
        /* get precision from arg list */
        precision = get_int_arg(&argptr);
        if (precision < 0)
            precision = -1; /* neg precision means default */
        }
        else {
        /* add digit to current precision */
        precision = precision * 10 + (ch - _T('0'));
        }
        break;
 
    case ST_SIZE:
        /* just read a size specifier, set the flags based on it */
        switch (ch) {
#if !LONG_IS_INT || !defined(_UNICODE)
        case _T('l'):
        flags |= FL_LONG;   /* 'l' => long int or wchar_t */
        break;
#endif
 
#if !LONGDOUBLE_IS_DOUBLE || defined(_ALPHA_)
        /*
         * Alpha has native 64-bit integer registers and operations.
         * The int and long types are 32 bits and an Alpha specific
         * __int64 type is 64 bits.  We also use the 'L' flag for
         * integer arguments to indicate 64-bit conversions (%Lx).
         */
 
        case _T('L'):
        flags |= FL_LONGDOUBLE; /* 'L' => long double */
        break;
#endif
 
#if !SHORT_IS_INT || defined(_UNICODE)
        case _T('h'):
        flags |= FL_SHORT;  /* 'h' => short int or char */
        break;
#endif
 
/* UNDONE: support %wc and %ws for now only for compatibility */
        case _T('w'):
        flags |= FL_WIDECHAR;  /* 'w' => wide character */
        break;
 
        }
        break;
 
    case ST_TYPE:
        /* we have finally read the actual type character, so we       */
        /* now format and "print" the output.  We use a big switch     */
        /* statement that sets 'text' to point to the text that should */
        /* be printed, and 'textlen' to the length of this text.       */
        /* Common code later on takes care of justifying it and    */
        /* other miscellaneous chores.  Note that cases share code,    */
        /* in particular, all integer formatting is done in one place. */
        /* Look at those funky goto statements!            */
 
        switch (ch) {
 
        case _T('C'):   /* ISO wide character */
        if (!(flags & (FL_SHORT|FL_LONG|FL_WIDECHAR)))
#ifdef WPRFLAG
            /* CONSIDER: non-standard */
            flags |= FL_SHORT;
#else
            flags |= FL_WIDECHAR;   /* ISO std. */
#endif
        /* fall into 'c' case */
 
        case _T('c'): {
        /* print a single character specified by int argument */
#ifdef WPRFLAG
        bufferiswide = 1;
        wchar = (wchar_t) get_int_arg(&argptr);
        if (flags & FL_SHORT)
            {
            /* format multibyte character */
            /* this is an extension of ANSI */
            char tempchar[2];
#ifdef _OUT
            if (isleadbyte(wchar >> 8))
                {
                tempchar[0] = (wchar >> 8);
                tempchar[1] = (wchar & 0x00ff);
                }
            else
#endif /* _OUT */
                {
                tempchar[0] = (char)(wchar & 0x00ff);
                tempchar[1] = '\0';
                }
            if (mbtowc(buffer.wz,tempchar,MB_CUR_MAX) < 0)
                {
                /* ignore if conversion was unsuccessful */
                no_output = 1;
                }
            }
        else
            {
            buffer.wz[0] = wchar;
            }
        text.wz = buffer.wz;
        textlen = 1;    /* print just a single character */
#else   /* WPRFLAG */
        if (flags & (FL_LONG|FL_WIDECHAR))
            {
            wchar = (wchar_t) get_short_arg(&argptr);
            /* convert to multibyte character */
            textlen = wctomb(buffer.sz, wchar);
 
            /* check that conversion was successful */
            if (textlen < 0)
            no_output = 1;
            }
        else
            {
            /* format multibyte character */
            /* this is an extension of ANSI */
            unsigned short temp;
            temp = (unsigned short) get_int_arg(&argptr);
#ifdef _OUT
            if (isleadbyte(temp >> 8))
            {
            buffer.sz[0] = temp >> 8;
            buffer.sz[1] = temp & 0x00ff;
            textlen = 2;
            }
            else
#endif /* _OUT */
            {
            buffer.sz[0] = (char) temp;
            textlen = 1;
            }
            }
        text.sz = buffer.sz;
#endif  /* WPRFLAG */
        }
        break;
 
#if defined(_WIN32_) && !defined(_DOSX32_)  /* UNDONE: NT hack */
        case _T('Z'): {
        /* print a Counted String
 
        int i;
        char *p;       /* temps */
                struct string {
                    short Length;
                    short MaximumLength;
                    char *Buffer;
                } *pstr;
 
        pstr = get_ptr_arg(&argptr);
        if (pstr == NULL || pstr->Buffer == NULL) {
            /* null ptr passed, use special string */
            text.sz = __nullstring;
                    textlen = strlen(text.sz);
        } else {
            if (flags & FL_WIDECHAR) {
                        text.wz = (wchar_t *)pstr->Buffer;
            textlen = pstr->Length / sizeof(wchar_t);
                        bufferiswide = 1;
            } else {
                        bufferiswide = 0;
                        text.sz = pstr->Buffer;
            textlen = pstr->Length;
            }
                }
        }
        break;
#endif
 
        case _T('S'):   /* ISO wide character string */
#ifndef WPRFLAG
        if (!(flags & (FL_SHORT|FL_LONG|FL_WIDECHAR)))
            flags |= FL_WIDECHAR;
#else
        if (!(flags & (FL_SHORT|FL_LONG|FL_WIDECHAR)))
                flags |= FL_SHORT;
#endif
        case _T('s'): {
        /* print a string --                */
        /* ANSI rules on how much of string to print:   */
        /*   all if precision is default,       */
        /*   min(precision, length) if precision given. */
        /* prints '(null)' if a null string is passed   */
 
        int i;
        char *p;       /* temps */
        wchar_t *pwch;
 
        /* At this point it is tempting to use strlen(), but */
        /* if a precision is specified, we're not allowed to */
        /* scan past there, because there might be no null   */
        /* at all.  Thus, we must do our own scan.       */
 
        i = (precision == -1) ? INT_MAX : precision;
        text.sz = get_ptr_arg(&argptr);
 
/* UNDONE: handle '#' case properly */
        /* scan for null upto i characters */
#ifdef WPRFLAG
        if (flags & FL_SHORT)
            {
            if (text.sz == NULL) /* NULL passed, use special string */
            text.sz = __nullstring;
            p = text.sz;
            for (textlen=0; textlen<i && *p; textlen++)
            {
            if (isleadbyte((int)*p))
                ++p;
            ++p;
            }
            /* textlen now contains length in multibyte chars */
            }
        else
            {
            if (text.wz == NULL) /* NULL passed, use special string */
            text.wz = __wnullstring;
            bufferiswide = 1;
            pwch = text.wz;
            while (i-- && *pwch)
            ++pwch;
            textlen = pwch - text.wz;   /* in wchar_ts */
            /* textlen now contains length in wide chars */
            }
#else   /* WPRFLAG */
        if (flags & (FL_LONG|FL_WIDECHAR))
            {
            size_t temp;
            char tchr[MB_LEN_MAX];
            if (text.wz == NULL) /* NULL passed, use special string */
            text.wz = __wnullstring;
            bufferiswide = 1;
            pwch = text.wz;
            for (textlen=0; textlen<i && *pwch; pwch++)
            {
            if ((temp = wctomb(tchr, *pwch))<=0) break;
            textlen += temp;
            }
            /* textlen now contains length in bytes */
            }
        else
            {
            if (text.sz == NULL) /* NULL passed, use special string */
            text.sz = __nullstring;
            p = text.sz;
            while (i-- && *p)
            ++p;
            textlen = p - text.sz;    /* length of the string */
            }
 
#endif  /* WPRFLAG */
        }
        break;
 
 
        case _T('n'): {
        /* write count of characters seen so far into */
        /* short/int/long thru ptr read from args */
 
        void *p;        /* temp */
 
        p = get_ptr_arg(&argptr);
 
        /* store chars out into short/long/int depending on flags */
#if !LONG_IS_INT
        if (flags & FL_LONG)
            *(long *)p = charsout;
        else
#endif
 
#if !SHORT_IS_INT
        if (flags & FL_SHORT)
            *(short *)p = (short) charsout;
        else
#endif
            *(int *)p = charsout;
 
        no_output = 1;          /* force no output */
        }
        break;
 
 
        case _T('E'):
        case _T('G'):
        capexp = 1;         /* capitalize exponent */
        ch += _T('a') - _T('A');    /* convert format char to lower */
        /* DROP THROUGH */
        case _T('e'):
        case _T('f'):
        case _T('g'):   {
        /* floating point conversion -- we call cfltcvt routines */
        /* to do the work for us.                */
        flags |= FL_SIGNED;     /* floating point is signed conversion */
        text.sz = buffer.sz;            /* put result in buffer */
 
        /* compute the precision value */
        if (precision < 0)
            precision = 6;  /* default precision: 6 */
        else if (precision == 0 && ch == _T('g'))
            precision = 1;  /* ANSI specified */
 
#if !LONGDOUBLE_IS_DOUBLE
        /* do the conversion */
        if (flags & FL_LONGDOUBLE) {
            LONGDOUBLE tmp;
            tmp=va_arg(argptr, LONGDOUBLE);
            /* Note: assumes ch is in ASCII range */
            _cldcvt(&tmp, text.sz, (char)ch, precision, capexp);
        }
        else
#endif
        {
            DOUBLE tmp;
            tmp=va_arg(argptr, DOUBLE);
            /* Note: assumes ch is in ASCII range */
            _cfltcvt(&tmp,text.sz, (char)ch, precision, capexp);
        }
 
        /* '#' and precision == 0 means force a decimal point */
        if ((flags & FL_ALTERNATE) && precision == 0)
            _forcdecpt(text.sz);
 
        /* 'g' format means crop zero unless '#' given */
        if (ch == _T('g') && !(flags & FL_ALTERNATE))
            _cropzeros(text.sz);
 
        /* check if result was negative, save '-' for later */
        /* and point to positive part (this is for '0' padding) */
        if (*text.sz == '-') {
            flags |= FL_NEGATIVE;
            ++text.sz;
        }
 
        textlen = strlen(text.sz);     /* compute length of text */
        }
        break;
 
        case _T('d'):
        case _T('i'):
        /* signed decimal output */
        flags |= FL_SIGNED;
        radix = 10;
        goto COMMON_INT;
 
        case _T('u'):
        radix = 10;
        goto COMMON_INT;
 
        case _T('p'):
        /* write a pointer -- this is like an integer or long */
        /* except we force precision to pad with zeros and */
        /* output in big hex. */
 
        precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);     /* number of hex digits needed */
#if !PTR_IS_INT
        flags |= FL_LONG;   /* assume we're converting a long */
#endif
        /* DROP THROUGH to hex formatting */
 
        case _T('X'):
        /* unsigned upper hex output */
        hexadd = _T('A') - _T('9') - 1;     /* set hexadd for uppercase hex */
        goto COMMON_HEX;
 
        case _T('x'):
        /* unsigned lower hex output */
        hexadd = _T('a') - _T('9') - 1;     /* set hexadd for lowercase hex */
        /* DROP THROUGH TO COMMON_HEX */
 
        COMMON_HEX:
        radix = 16;
        if (flags & FL_ALTERNATE) {
            /* alternate form means '0x' prefix */
            prefix[0] = _T('0');
            prefix[1] = (TCHAR)(_T('x') - _T('a') + _T('9') + 1 + hexadd);  /* 'x' or 'X' */
            prefixlen = 2;
        }
        goto COMMON_INT;
 
        case _T('o'):
        /* unsigned octal output */
        radix = 8;
        if (flags & FL_ALTERNATE) {
            /* alternate form means force a leading 0 */
            flags |= FL_FORCEOCTAL;
        }
        /* DROP THROUGH to COMMON_INT */
 
        COMMON_INT: {
        /* This is the general integer formatting routine. */
        /* Basically, we get an argument, make it positive */
        /* if necessary, and convert it according to the */
        /* correct radix, setting text and textlen */
        /* appropriately. */
 
#ifdef _ALPHA_
        unsigned __int64 number; /* number to convert */
        int digit;      /* ascii value of digit */
        __int64 l;      /* temp long value */
#else
        unsigned long number;   /* number to convert */
        int digit;      /* ascii value of digit */
        long l;         /* temp long value */
#endif
 
        /* 1. read argument into l, sign extend as needed */
#ifdef _ALPHA_
        if (flags & FL_LONGDOUBLE)
            l = get_quad_arg(&argptr);
        else
#endif
#if !LONG_IS_INT
        if (flags & FL_LONG)
            l = get_long_arg(&argptr);
        else
#endif
 
#if !SHORT_IS_INT
        if (flags & FL_SHORT) {
            if (flags & FL_SIGNED)
            l = (short) get_int_arg(&argptr); /* sign extend */
            else
            l = (unsigned short) get_int_arg(&argptr);    /* zero-extend*/
        }
        else
#endif
        {
            if (flags & FL_SIGNED)
            l = get_int_arg(&argptr); /* sign extend */
            else
            l = (unsigned int) get_int_arg(&argptr);    /* zero-extend*/
        }
 
        /* 2. check for negative; copy into number */
        if ( (flags & FL_SIGNED) && l < 0) {
            number = -l;
            flags |= FL_NEGATIVE;   /* remember negative sign */
        }
        else {
            number = l;
        }
#ifdef _ALPHA_
        if ((flags & FL_LONGDOUBLE) == 0) {
            /*
             * Unless printing a full 64-bit value, insure values
             * here are not in cananical longword format to prevent
             * the sign extended upper 32-bits from being printed.
             */
            number &= 0xffffffff;
        }
#endif
 
        /* 3. check precision value for default; non-default */
        /*    turns off 0 flag, according to ANSI. */
        if (precision < 0)
            precision = 1;      /* default precision */
        else
            flags &= ~FL_LEADZERO;
 
        /* 4. Check if data is 0; if so, turn off hex prefix */
        if (number == 0)
            prefixlen = 0;
 
        /* 5. Convert data to ASCII -- note if precision is zero */
        /*    and number is zero, we get no digits at all.   */
 
        text.sz = &buffer.sz[BUFFERSIZE-1];    /* last digit at end of buffer */
 
        while (precision-- > 0 || number != 0) {
            digit = (int)(number % radix) + '0';
            number /= radix;        /* reduce number */
            if (digit > '9') {
            /* a hex digit, make it a letter */
            digit += hexadd;
            }
            *text.sz-- = (char)digit;   /* store the digit */
        }
 
        textlen = (char *)&buffer.sz[BUFFERSIZE-1] - text.sz; /* compute length of number */
        ++text.sz;  /* text points to first digit now */
 
 
        /* 6. Force a leading zero if FORCEOCTAL flag set */
        if ((flags & FL_FORCEOCTAL) && (text.sz[0] != '0' || textlen == 0)) {
            *--text.sz = '0';
            ++textlen;      /* add a zero */
        }
        }
        break;
        }
 
        /* At this point, we have done the specific conversion, and */
        /* 'text' points to text to print; 'textlen' is length.  Now we */
        /* justify it, put on prefixes, leading zeros, and then */
        /* print it. */
 
        if (!no_output) {
        int padding;    /* amount of padding, negative means zero */
 
        if (flags & FL_SIGNED) {
            if (flags & FL_NEGATIVE) {
            /* prefix is a '-' */
            prefix[0] = _T('-');
            prefixlen = 1;
            }
            else if (flags & FL_SIGN) {
            /* prefix is '+' */
            prefix[0] = _T('+');
            prefixlen = 1;
            }
            else if (flags & FL_SIGNSP) {
            /* prefix is ' ' */
            prefix[0] = _T(' ');
            prefixlen = 1;
            }
        }
 
        /* calculate amount of padding -- might be negative, */
        /* but this will just mean zero */
        padding = fldwidth - textlen - prefixlen;
 
        /* put out the padding, prefix, and text, in the correct order */
 
        if (!(flags & (FL_LEFT | FL_LEADZERO))) {
            /* pad on left with blanks */
            WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(_T(' '), padding, &charsout);
        }
 
        /* write prefix */
        WRITE_STRING(prefix, prefixlen, &charsout);
 
        if ((flags & FL_LEADZERO) && !(flags & FL_LEFT)) {
            /* write leading zeros */
            WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(_T('0'), padding, &charsout);
        }
 
        /* write text */
#ifndef WPRFLAG
        if (bufferiswide && (textlen > 0))
            {
                    wchar_t *p;
                    int retval, count;
                    char buffer[MB_LEN_MAX+1];
 
                    p = text.wz;
                    count = textlen;
                    while (count--) {
                        retval = wctomb(buffer, *p++);
                        if (retval <= 0)
                            break;
                        WRITE_STRING(buffer, retval, &charsout);
                    }
            }
        else
            {
            WRITE_STRING(text.sz, textlen, &charsout);
            }
#else
        if (!bufferiswide && textlen > 0) {
                    char *p;
                    int retval, count;
 
                    p = text.sz;
                    count = textlen;
                    while (count-- > 0) {
                        retval = mbtowc(&wchar, p, MB_CUR_MAX);
                        if (retval <= 0)
                            break;
                        WRITE_CHAR(wchar, &charsout);
                        p += retval;
                    }
        } else {
            WRITE_STRING(text.wz, textlen, &charsout);
        }
#endif /* WPRFLAG */
 
        if (flags & FL_LEFT) {
            /* pad on right with blanks */
            WRITE_MULTI_CHAR(_T(' '), padding, &charsout);
        }
 
        /* we're done! */
        }
        break;
    }
    }
 
    return charsout;        /* return value = number of characters written */
}
 
/*
 *  Future Optimizations for swprintf:
 *  - Don't free the memory used for converting the buffer to wide chars.
 *    Use realloc if the memory is not sufficient.  Free it at the end.
 */
 
/***
*void write_char(int ch, int *pnumwritten)
#ifdef WPRFLAG
*void write_char(wchar_t ch, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
#endif
*void write_char(int ch, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
*
*Purpose:
*   Writes a single character to the given file/console.  If no error occurs,
*   then *pnumwritten is incremented; otherwise, *pnumwritten is set
*   to -1.
*
*Entry:
*   int ch       - character to write
*   FILE *f      - file to write to
*   int *pnumwritten - pointer to integer to update with total chars written
*
*Exit:
*   No return value.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_char (
    int ch,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
{
    if (_putch_lk(ch) == EOF)
    *pnumwritten = -1;
    else
    ++(*pnumwritten);
}
 
#elif WPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_char (
    int ch,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
{
    if (_putwc_lk(ch, f) == WEOF)
    *pnumwritten = -1;
    else
    ++(*pnumwritten);
}
 
#else
 
LOCAL(void) write_char (
    int ch,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
{
    if (_putc_lk(ch, f) == EOF)
    *pnumwritten = -1;
    else
    ++(*pnumwritten);
}
 
#endif
 
/***
*void write_multi_char(int ch, int num, int *pnumwritten)
#ifdef WPRFLAG
*void write_multi_char(wchar_t ch, int num, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
#endif
*void write_multi_char(int ch, int num, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
*
*Purpose:
*   Writes num copies of a character to the given file/console.  If no error occurs,
*   then *pnumwritten is incremented by num; otherwise, *pnumwritten is set
*   to -1.  If num is negative, it is treated as zero.
*
*Entry:
*   int ch       - character to write
*   int num      - number of times to write the characters
*   FILE *f      - file to write to
*   int *pnumwritten - pointer to integer to update with total chars written
*
*Exit:
*   No return value.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char (
    int ch,
    int num,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
{
    while (num-- > 0)
    write_char(ch, pnumwritten);
}
 
#else   /* CPRFLAG */
#if WPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char (
    wchar_t ch,
    int num,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
#else
 
LOCAL(void) write_multi_char (
    int ch,
    int num,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
#endif  /* WPRFLAG */
{
    while (num-- > 0)
    write_char(ch, f, pnumwritten);
}
 
#endif  /* CPRFLAG */
 
/***
*void write_string(char *string, int len, int *pnumwritten)
*void write_string(char *string, int len, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
#ifdef WPRFLAG
*void write_string(wchar_t *string, int len, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
#endif
*void write_wstring(wchar_t *string, int len, int *pnumwritten)
*void write_wstring(wchar_t *string, int len, FILE *f, int *pnumwritten)
*
*Purpose:
*   Writes a string of the given length to the given file.  If no error occurs,
*   then *pnumwritten is incremented by len; otherwise, *pnumwritten is set
*   to -1.  If len is negative, it is treated as zero.
*
*Entry:
*   char *string     - string to write (NOT null-terminated)
*   int len      - length of string
*   FILE *f      - file to write to
*   int *pnumwritten - pointer to integer to update with total chars written
*
*Exit:
*   No return value.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#ifdef CPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_string (
    char *string,
    int len,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
{
    while (len-- > 0)
    write_char(*string++, pnumwritten);
}
 
#else   /* CPRFLAG */
#if WPRFLAG
 
LOCAL(void) write_string (
    wchar_t *string,
    int len,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
#else
 
LOCAL(void) write_string (
    char *string,
    int len,
    FILE *f,
    int *pnumwritten
    )
#endif  /* WPRFLAG */
{
#ifdef _POSIX_
    while (len-- > 0) {
    write_char(*string++, f, pnumwritten);
    if (*pnumwritten < 0)
        return;
    }
#else
    while (len-- > 0)
    write_char(*string++, f, pnumwritten);
#endif
}
#endif  /* CPRFLAG */
 
 
/***
*int get_int_arg(va_list *pargptr)
*
*Purpose:
*   Gets an int argument off the given argument list and updates *pargptr.
*
*Entry:
*   va_list *pargptr - pointer to argument list; updated by function
*
*Exit:
*   Returns the integer argument read from the argument list.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
__inline int _CALLTYPE4 get_int_arg (
    va_list *pargptr
    )
{
    return va_arg(*pargptr, int);
}
 
/***
*long get_long_arg(va_list *pargptr)
*
*Purpose:
*   Gets an long argument off the given argument list and updates *pargptr.
*
*Entry:
*   va_list *pargptr - pointer to argument list; updated by function
*
*Exit:
*   Returns the long argument read from the argument list.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#if !LONG_IS_INT
__inline long _CALLTYPE4 get_long_arg (
    va_list *pargptr
    )
{
    return va_arg(*pargptr, long);
}
#endif
 
#ifdef _ALPHA_
__inline __int64 _CALLTYPE4 get_quad_arg (
    va_list *pargptr
    )
{
    return va_arg(*pargptr, __int64);
}
#endif
 
#ifndef WPRFLAG
/***
*short get_short_arg(va_list *pargptr)
*
*Purpose:
*   Gets a short argument off the given argument list and updates *pargptr.
*   *** CURRENTLY ONLY USED TO GET A WCHAR_T, IFDEF _INTL ***
*
*Entry:
*   va_list *pargptr - pointer to argument list; updated by function
*
*Exit:
*   Returns the short argument read from the argument list.
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/
 
#if !SHORT_IS_INT
__inline short _CALLTYPE4 get_short_arg (
    va_list *pargptr
    )
{
    return va_arg(*pargptr, short);
}
#endif
#endif

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摘自  volcanol
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