一種使用GDI+對圖片尺寸和質量的壓縮方法

今天同事向我詢問圖片壓縮的算法，我想起大概兩三年前做過的一個項目。其中包含了尺寸和質量兩種壓縮算法，並且支持JPEG、bmp、PNG等格式。今天把這段邏輯貼出來，供大家參考。（轉載請指明來源於breaksoftware的CSDN博客）

尺寸壓縮

bool CompressImagePixel( 
    const WCHAR* pszOriFilePath, 
    const WCHAR* pszDestFilePah, 
    UINT ulNewHeigth, 
    UINT ulNewWidth )
{
    // Initialize GDI+.
    GdiplusStartupInput gdiplusStartupInput;
    ULONG_PTR gdiplusToken;
    Status stat = GenericError;
    stat = GdiplusStartup( &gdiplusToken, &gdiplusStartupInput, NULL );
    if ( Ok != stat ) {
        return false;
    }
    // 重置狀態
    stat = GenericError;
    
    // Get an image from the disk.
    Image* pImage = new Image(pszOriFilePath);

    do {
        if ( NULL == pImage ) {
            break;
        }

        // 獲取長寬
        UINT unOriHeight = pImage->GetHeight();
        UINT unOriWidth = pImage->GetWidth();

        do {
            CLSID encoderClsid;
            if ( unOriWidth < 1 || unOriHeight < 1 ) {
                break;
            }

            // Get the CLSID of the JPEG encoder.
            if ( !GetEncoderClsid(L"image/jpeg", &encoderClsid) ) {
                break;
            }

            REAL fSrcX = 0.0f;
            REAL fSrcY = 0.0f;
            REAL fSrcWidth = (REAL) unOriWidth;
            REAL fSrcHeight = (REAL) unOriHeight ;
            RectF RectDest( 0.0f, 0.0f, (REAL)ulNewWidth, (REAL)ulNewHeigth);

            Bitmap* pTempBitmap = new Bitmap( ulNewWidth, ulNewHeigth );
            Graphics* graphics = NULL;

            do {
                if ( !pTempBitmap ) {
                    break;
                }

                graphics = Graphics::FromImage( pTempBitmap );
                if ( !graphics ) {
                    break;
                }

                stat = graphics->SetInterpolationMode(Gdiplus::InterpolationModeHighQuality);
                if ( Ok != stat ) {
                    break;
                }

                stat = graphics->SetSmoothingMode(Gdiplus::SmoothingModeHighQuality);
                if ( Ok != stat ) {
                    break;
                }

                stat = graphics->DrawImage( pImage, RectDest, fSrcX, fSrcY, fSrcWidth, fSrcHeight,
                    UnitPixel, NULL, NULL, NULL);
                if ( Ok != stat ) {
                    break;
                }

                stat = pTempBitmap->Save( pszDestFilePah, &encoderClsid, NULL );
                if ( Ok != stat ) {
                    break;
                }

            } while(0);

            if ( NULL != graphics ) {
                delete graphics;
                graphics = NULL;
            }

            if ( NULL != pTempBitmap ) {
                delete pTempBitmap;
                pTempBitmap = NULL;
            }
        } while(0);
    } while (0);

    if ( pImage ) {
        delete pImage;
        pImage = NULL;
    }

    GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken);

    return ( ( Ok == stat ) ? true : false );
}

質量壓縮

bool CompressImageQuality( 
    const WCHAR* pszOriFilePath, 
    const WCHAR* pszDestFilePah,
    ULONG quality )
{
    // copy from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533844(v=VS.85).aspx
    // Initialize GDI+.
    GdiplusStartupInput gdiplusStartupInput;
    ULONG_PTR gdiplusToken;
    Status stat = GenericError;
    stat = GdiplusStartup( &gdiplusToken, &gdiplusStartupInput, NULL );
    if ( Ok != stat ) {
        return false;
    }

    // 重置狀態
    stat = GenericError;

    // Get an image from the disk.
    Image* pImage = new Image(pszOriFilePath);

    do {
        if ( NULL == pImage ) {
            break;
        }

        // 獲取長寬
        UINT ulHeight = pImage->GetHeight();
        UINT ulWidth = pImage->GetWidth();
        if ( ulWidth < 1 || ulHeight < 1 ) {
            break;
        }

        // Get the CLSID of the JPEG encoder.
        CLSID encoderClsid;
        if ( !GetEncoderClsid(L"image/jpeg", &encoderClsid) ) {
            break;
        }

        // The one EncoderParameter object has an array of values.
        // In this case, there is only one value (of type ULONG)
        // in the array. We will let this value vary from 0 to 100.
        EncoderParameters encoderParameters;
        encoderParameters.Count = 1;
        encoderParameters.Parameter[0].Guid = EncoderQuality;
        encoderParameters.Parameter[0].Type = EncoderParameterValueTypeLong;
        encoderParameters.Parameter[0].NumberOfValues = 1;
        encoderParameters.Parameter[0].Value = &quality;
        stat = pImage->Save(pszDestFilePah, &encoderClsid, &encoderParameters);
    } while(0);

    if ( pImage ) {
        delete pImage;
        pImage = NULL;
    }

    GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken);

    return ( ( stat == Ok ) ? true : false );
}

這兩個算法，都關聯了一個函數GetEncoderClsid，其實現是：

#include 
#include 
#pragma comment( lib, "GdiPlus.lib" )
using namespace Gdiplus;

bool GetEncoderClsid(const WCHAR* pszFormat, CLSID* pClsid)
{
    UINT  unNum = 0;          // number of image encoders
    UINT  unSize = 0;         // size of the image encoder array in bytes

    ImageCodecInfo* pImageCodecInfo = NULL;

    // How many encoders are there?
    // How big (in bytes) is the array of all ImageCodecInfo objects?
    GetImageEncodersSize( &unNum, &unSize );
    if ( 0 == unSize ) {
        return false;  // Failure
    }

    // Create a buffer large enough to hold the array of ImageCodecInfo
    // objects that will be returned by GetImageEncoders.
    pImageCodecInfo = (ImageCodecInfo*)( malloc(unSize) );
    if ( !pImageCodecInfo ) {
        return false;  // Failure
    }

    // GetImageEncoders creates an array of ImageCodecInfo objects
    // and copies that array into a previously allocated buffer. 
    // The third argument, imageCodecInfos, is a pointer to that buffer. 
    GetImageEncoders( unNum, unSize, pImageCodecInfo );

    for ( UINT j = 0; j < unNum; ++j ) {
        if ( wcscmp( pImageCodecInfo[j].MimeType, pszFormat ) == 0 ) {
            *pClsid = pImageCodecInfo[j].Clsid;
            free(pImageCodecInfo);
            pImageCodecInfo = NULL;
            return true;  // Success
        }    
    }

    free( pImageCodecInfo );
    pImageCodecInfo = NULL;
    return false;  // Failure
}

在我的測試代碼中，文件名中包含A的為源文件，文件名中包含B的是尺寸壓縮算法得到的文件，文件名中包含C的是質量壓縮（尺寸不變）算法得到的文件。測試代碼是

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    CompressImagePixel( L"1A.jpg", L"1B.jpg",  100, 100 );
    CompressImageQuality( L"1A.jpg", L"1C.jpg", 30 );

    CompressImagePixel( L"2A.png", L"2B.jpg",  100, 100 );
    CompressImageQuality( L"2A.png", L"2C.jpg", 30 );

    CompressImagePixel( L"3A.bmp", L"3B.jpg",  100, 100 );
    CompressImageQuality( L"3A.bmp", L"3C.jpg", 30 );
	return 0;
}

其壓縮結果是

從壓縮結果看，尺寸壓縮是穩定的，質量壓縮是不穩定的。如果想通過壓縮算法控制文件大小，需要結合這兩種方法。但是需要指出的是，該質量壓縮算法不可以濫用。因為在一定情況下，該質量壓縮會使文件空間大小變大。
最後附上工程代碼。