本工程主要由vhd2img.cpp layout.h組成,C代碼實現。
vhd2img.cpp：
// vhd2img.cpp : 定義控制台應用程序的入口點。
//by www.frombyte.cn zhangyu
//北亞數據恢復中心(www.sjhf.net)張宇 2012/1/6 發表於51cto
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include "layout.h"
#define VHD_OPENED 1
#define VHD_UNOPEN 0
#define BIT_MASK 0x80
static inline int test_bit (byte *addr, u32 nr)
{
return ((addr[nr >> 3] << (nr & 7)) & BIT_MASK) != 0;
};
static inline void set_bit (byte *addr, u32 nr)
{
addr[nr >> 3] |= (BIT_MASK >> (nr & 7));
}
HANDLE hIn,hOut;
struct vhd_info
{
u64 uSize;
u32 *bat;
byte *batmap;
u64 uBlkSize;
u64 uBatNum;
u32 spb; //secters per block
u32 log2spb;
u32 vhd_status;
bool is_have_batmap;
};
int open_vhd(TCHAR *name,vhd_info &vhd)
{
hd_ftr vhd_head;
hIn = CreateFile(name,GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
if(hIn == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:source VHD file open error!\n"),GetLastError());
return -1;
}
DWORD bRead;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&vhd_head,sizeof(hd_ftr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(hd_ftr))
return -2;
if(strncmp(vhd_head.cookie,HD_COOKIE,8) != 0)
{
_tprintf(_T("the source file is not a valid VHD format!\n"));
return -3;
}
if( (LE32(vhd_head.type) != HD_TYPE_DYNAMIC) && (LE32(vhd_head.type) != HD_TYPE_DIFF) )
return -4;
dd_hdr vhd_sparce;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&vhd_sparce,sizeof(dd_hdr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(dd_hdr))
return -5;
if(strncmp(vhd_sparce.cookie,DD_COOKIE,8) != 0)
return -6;
vhd.uBlkSize = LE32(vhd_sparce.block_size);
vhd.uBatNum = LE32(vhd_sparce.max_bat_size);
vhd.bat = new u32 [vhd.uBatNum];
LARGE_INTEGER liPoi,liNew;
liPoi.QuadPart = LE64(vhd_sparce.table_offset);
SetFilePointerEx(hIn,liPoi,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
ReadFile(hIn,vhd.bat,vhd.uBatNum * sizeof(u32),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != vhd.uBatNum * sizeof(u32))
return -7;
dd_batmap_hdr batmap_head;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&batmap_head,sizeof(dd_batmap_hdr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(dd_batmap_hdr))
return -8;
if(strncmp(batmap_head.cookie,VHD_BATMAP_COOKIE,8) != 0)
vhd.is_have_batmap = FALSE;
else
vhd.is_have_batmap = TRUE;
vhd.spb = vhd.uBlkSize >> VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT;
vhd.vhd_status = VHD_OPENED;
return 1;
}
int read_vhd(vhd_info &vhd,byte* buf,u32 blkno)
{
byte spb_bitmap[VHD_SECTOR_SIZE];
DWORD bRead;
if(vhd.bat[blkno] == 0xFFFFFFFF)
return 2;
byte *tbuf = new byte [vhd.uBlkSize];
LARGE_INTEGER liPoi,liNew;
liPoi.QuadPart = (u64)(LE32(vhd.bat[blkno])) << VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT;
SetFilePointerEx(hIn,liPoi,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
ReadFile(hIn,spb_bitmap,VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != VHD_SECTOR_SIZE)
{
delete [] tbuf;
return -2;
}
ReadFile(hIn,tbuf,vhd.uBlkSize,&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != vhd.uBlkSize)
{
delete [] tbuf;
return -3;
}
for(u32 i=0;i<vhd.spb;i++)
{
if(test_bit(spb_bitmap,i)) //位為1，表示磁盤上有數據，需要拷貝
{
memcpy(buf + i * VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,tbuf + i*VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,VHD_SECTOR_SIZE);
}
}
delete [] tbuf;
return 1;
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
if(argc != 3)
{
_tprintf(_T("vhd2img.exe <input vhd name> <output file/disk name>\n"));
_tprintf(_T("eg. vhd2img.exe my.vhd d:\\my.img \n"));
_tprintf(_T(" vhd2img.exe my.vhd \"\\\\.\\physicaldrive1\" (write to hardisk 1)\n"));
return 0;
}
vhd_info vhd;
//打開輸入vhd
if(open_vhd(argv[1],vhd) != 1)
return -1;
//生成目標文件
HANDLE hOut = CreateFile(argv[2],GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
if(hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
hOut = CreateFile(argv[2],GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_ALWAYS,0,NULL);
if(hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:the dest disk/file open error!\n"),GetLastError());
return -1;
}
}
//u32 nBlkSize = vhd.uBlkSize;
byte* buf = new byte [vhd.uBlkSize];
u32 nBitmapSize = (vhd.spb >> 3 );
byte* bitmap = new byte [nBitmapSize];
DWORD bWrite;
LARGE_INTEGER liPos,liNew;
for(int i=0;i<vhd.uBatNum;i++)
{
memset(buf,0,vhd.uBlkSize);
memset(bitmap,0,nBitmapSize);
if(read_vhd(vhd,buf,i) != 1) //讀錯誤或屬於稀疏空間
continue;
liPos.QuadPart = (u64)i * (u64)vhd.uBlkSize;
SetFilePointerEx(hOut,liPos,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
WriteFile(hOut,buf,vhd.uBlkSize,&bWrite,NULL);
if(bWrite != vhd.uBlkSize)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:#%dblk (2MB) write error!\n\n"),GetLastError(),i);
return -1;
}
}
liPos.QuadPart = (u64)vhd.uBatNum * (u64)vhd.uBlkSize;
SetFilePointerEx(hOut,liPos,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
SetEndOfFile(hOut);
//釋放
delete [] buf;
delete [] bitmap;
CloseHandle(hIn);
CloseHandle(hOut);
return 1;
}
layout.h:
/* Copyright (c) 2008, XenSource Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of XenSource Inc. nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
* OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
typedef UINT32 u32;
typedef UINT64 u64;
typedef unsigned char vhd_uuid_t[16];
#ifndef __VHD_H__
#define __VHD_H__
#define DEBUG 1
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* General definitions. */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#define VHD_SECTOR_SIZE 512
#define VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT 9
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* This is the generic disk footer, used by all disks. */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
struct hd_ftr {
char cookie[8]; /* Identifies original creator of the disk */
u32 features; /* Feature Support -- see below */
u32 ff_version; /* (major,minor) version of disk file */
u64 data_offset; /* Abs. offset from SOF to next structure */
u32 timestamp; /* Creation time. secs since 1/1/2000GMT */
char crtr_app[4]; /* Creator application */
u32 crtr_ver; /* Creator version (major,minor) */
u32 crtr_os; /* Creator host OS */
u64 orig_size; /* Size at creation (bytes) */
u64 curr_size; /* Current size of disk (bytes) */
u32 geometry; /* Disk geometry */
u32 type; /* Disk type */
u32 checksum; /* 1's comp sum of this struct. */
vhd_uuid_t uuid; /* Unique disk ID, used for naming parents */
char saved; /* one-bit -- is this disk/VM in a saved state? */
char hidden; /* tapdisk-specific field: is this vdi hidden? */
char reserved[426]; /* padding */
};
/* VHD cookie string. */
static const char HD_COOKIE[9] = "conectix";
/* Feature fields in hd_ftr */
#define HD_NO_FEATURES 0x00000000
#define HD_TEMPORARY 0x00000001 /* disk can be deleted on shutdown */
#define HD_RESERVED 0x00000002 /* NOTE: must always be set */
/* Version field in hd_ftr */
#define HD_FF_VERSION 0x00010000
/* Known creator OS type fields in hd_ftr.crtr_os */
#define HD_CR_OS_WINDOWS 0x5769326B /* (Wi2k) */
#define HD_CR_OS_MACINTOSH 0x4D616320 /* (Mac ) */
/*
* version 0.1: little endian bitmaps
* version 1.1: big endian bitmaps; batmap
* version 1.2: libvhd
* version 1.3: batmap version bump to 1.2
*/
#define VHD_VERSION(major, minor) (((major) << 16) | ((minor) & 0x0000FFFF))
#define VHD_CURRENT_VERSION VHD_VERSION(1, 3)
/* Disk geometry accessor macros. */
/* Geometry is a triple of (cylinders (2 bytes), tracks (1 byte), and
* secotrs-per-track (1 byte))
*/
#define GEOM_GET_CYLS(_g) (((_g) >> 16) & 0xffff)
#define GEOM_GET_HEADS(_g) (((_g) >> 8) & 0xff)
#define GEOM_GET_SPT(_g) ((_g) & 0xff)
#define GEOM_ENCODE(_c, _h, _s) (((_c) << 16) | ((_h) << 8) | (_s))
/* type field in hd_ftr */
#define HD_TYPE_NONE 0
#define HD_TYPE_FIXED 2 /* fixed-allocation disk */
#define HD_TYPE_DYNAMIC 3 /* dynamic disk */
#define HD_TYPE_DIFF 4 /* differencing disk */
/* String table for hd.type */
static const char *HD_TYPE_STR[7] = {
"None", /* 0 */
"Reserved (deprecated)", /* 1 */
"Fixed hard disk", /* 2 */
"Dynamic hard disk", /* 3 */
"Differencing hard disk", /* 4 */
"Reserved (deprecated)", /* 5 */
"Reserved (deprecated)" /* 6 */
};
#define HD_TYPE_MAX 6
struct prt_loc {
u32 code; /* Platform code -- see defines below. */
u32 data_space; /* Number of 512-byte sectors to store locator */
u32 data_len; /* Actual length of parent locator in bytes */
u32 res; /* Must be zero */
u64 data_offset; /* Absolute offset of locator data (bytes) */
};
/* Platform Codes */
#define PLAT_CODE_NONE 0x0
#define PLAT_CODE_WI2R 0x57693272 /* deprecated */
#define PLAT_CODE_WI2K 0x5769326B /* deprecated */
#define PLAT_CODE_W2RU 0x57327275 /* Windows relative path (UTF-16) */
#define PLAT_CODE_W2KU 0x57326B75 /* Windows absolute path (UTF-16) */
#define PLAT_CODE_MAC 0x4D616320 /* MacOS alias stored as a blob. */
#define PLAT_CODE_MACX 0x4D616358 /* File URL (UTF-8), see RFC 2396. */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* This is the dynamic disk header. */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
struct dd_hdr {
char cookie[8]; /* Should contain "cxsparse" */
u64 data_offset; /* Byte offset of next record. (Unused) 0xffs */
u64 table_offset; /* Absolute offset to the BAT. */
u32 hdr_ver; /* Version of the dd_hdr (major,minor) */
u32 max_bat_size; /* Maximum number of entries in the BAT */
u32 block_size; /* Block size in bytes. Must be power of 2. */
u32 checksum; /* Header checksum. 1's comp of all fields. */
vhd_uuid_t prt_uuid; /* ID of the parent disk. */
u32 prt_ts; /* Modification time of the parent disk */
u32 res1; /* Reserved. */
char prt_name[512]; /* Parent unicode name. */
struct prt_loc loc[8]; /* Parent locator entries. */
char res2[256]; /* Reserved. */
};
/* VHD cookie string. */
static const char DD_COOKIE[9] = "cxsparse";
/* Version field in hd_ftr */
#define DD_VERSION 0x00010000
/* Default blocksize is 2 meg. */
#define DD_BLOCKSIZE_DEFAULT 0x00200000
#define DD_BLK_UNUSED 0xFFFFFFFF
struct dd_batmap_hdr {
char cookie[8]; /* should contain "tdbatmap" */
u64 batmap_offset; /* byte offset to batmap */
u32 batmap_size; /* batmap size in sectors */
u32 batmap_version; /* version of batmap */
u32 checksum; /* batmap checksum -- 1's complement of batmap */
};
static const char VHD_BATMAP_COOKIE[9] = "tdbatmap";
/*
* version 1.1: signed char checksum
*/
#define VHD_BATMAP_VERSION(major, minor) (((major) << 16) | ((minor) & 0x0000FFFF))
#define VHD_BATMAP_CURRENT_VERSION VHD_BATMAP_VERSION(1, 2)
/* Layout of a dynamic disk:
*
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Mirror image of HD footer (hd_ftr) (512 bytes) |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Sparse drive header (dd_hdr) (1024 bytes) |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | BAT (Block allocation table) |
* | - Array of absolute sector offsets into the |
* | file (u32). |
* | - Rounded up to a sector boundary. |
* | - Unused entries are marked as 0xFFFFFFFF |
* | - max entries in dd_hdr->max_bat_size |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block 0 |
* | Bitmap (padded to 512 byte sector boundary) |
* | - each bit indicates whether the associated |
* | sector within this block is used. |
* | Data |
* | - power-of-two multiple of sectors. |
* | - default 2MB (4096 * 512) |
* | - Any entries with zero in bitmap should be |
* | zero on disk |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block 1 |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | ... |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block n |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | HD Footer (511 bytes) |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
*/
#define LE32(x) (( (u32)x >>24) ^ ((u32)x <<8 >>24 <<8) ^ ((u32)x <<16 >>24 <<16) ^ ((u32)x <<24))
#define LE64(x) (((u64)LE32((u32)x)) <<32 ) ^ ( LE32((u32)((u64)x >>32)) )
#endif
