原理簡介:
--------
這個例子演示了應用微軟的ICMP.DLL怎樣"ping"另一台機器. 這個DLL是沒有文檔話的發送ICMP回送包API接口, 也稱為"pings," 就像潛水員對聲納信號的術語一樣. 這段代碼出自一個被一個名叫MarkG的家伙的GUI程序, 他的網頁已經消失了.
ICMP.DLL API 現在在Windows平台上與微軟的Winsocks工作的很好, 但是微軟說更好的產品一出來他們將替換它. 微軟說這個自從Windows 95時代就在用, 這些功能在在Windows 2000上仍然存在.
For more information on the ICMP.DLL API, check out sockets.com's ICMP API page.
更詳細的ICMP.DLL API的信息到sockets.com的ICMP API網頁獲取.
具體實現:
--------
// Borland C++ 5.0: bcc32.cpp ping.cpp
// Visual C++ 5.0: cl ping.cpp wsock32.lib
//
// This sample program is hereby placed in the public domain.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include "icmpdefs.h"
==================ping的實現部分==================
int doit(int argc, char* argv[])
{//[bugfree] 建議將這個argc和argv的處理拿到main函數中
// 檢查命令行參數
if (argc < 2) {
cerr << "usage: ping <host>" << endl;
return 1;
}
// 裝載ICMP.DLL連接庫
HINSTANCE hIcmp = LoadLibrary("ICMP.DLL");
if (hIcmp == 0) {
cerr << "Unable to locate ICMP.DLL!" << endl;
return 2;
}
// 查找給定機器的IP地址信息
struct hostent* phe;
if ((phe = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == 0) {
cerr << "Could not find IP address for " << argv[1] << endl;
return 3;
}
// 定義函數三個指針類型
typedef HANDLE (WINAPI* pfnHV)(VOID);
typedef BOOL (WINAPI* pfnBH)(HANDLE);
typedef DWORD (WINAPI* pfnDHDPWPipPDD)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID, WORD,
PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION, LPVOID, DWORD, DWORD); // evil, no?
//定義三個指針函數
pfnHV pIcmpCreateFile;
pfnBH pIcmpCloseHandle;
pfnDHDPWPipPDD pIcmpSendEcho;
//從ICMP.DLL中得到函數入口地址
pIcmpCreateFile = (pfnHV)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCreateFile");
pIcmpCloseHandle = (pfnBH)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCloseHandle");
pIcmpSendEcho = (pfnDHDPWPipPDD)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpSendEcho");
if ((pIcmpCreateFile == 0) || (pIcmpCloseHandle == 0) ||
(pIcmpSendEcho == 0)) {
cerr << "Failed to get proc addr for function." << endl;
return 4;
}
// 打開ping服務
HANDLE hIP = pIcmpCreateFile();
if (hIP == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
cerr << "Unable to open ping service." << endl;
return 5;
}
// 構造ping數據包
char acPingBuffer[64];
memset(acPingBuffer, '\xAA', sizeof(acPingBuffer));
PIP_ECHO_REPLY pIpe = (PIP_ECHO_REPLY)GlobalAlloc( GMEM_FIXED | GMEM_ZEROINIT,
sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer));
if (pIpe == 0) {
cerr << "Failed to allocate global ping packet buffer." << endl;
return 6;
}
pIpe->Data = acPingBuffer;
pIpe->DataSize = sizeof(acPingBuffer);
// 發送ping數據包
DWORD dwStatus = pIcmpSendEcho(hIP, *((DWORD*)phe->h_addr_list[0]),
acPingBuffer, sizeof(acPingBuffer), NULL, pIpe,
sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer), 5000);
if (dwStatus != 0) {
cout << "Addr: " <<
int(LOBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
int(HIBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
int(LOBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
int(HIBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << ", " <<
"RTT: " << int(pIpe->RoundTripTime) << "ms, " <<
"TTL: " << int(pIpe->Options.Ttl) << endl;
}
else {
cerr << "Error obtaining info from ping packet." << endl;
}
// 關閉,回收資源
GlobalFree(pIpe);
FreeLibrary(hIcmp);
return 0;
}
==================主函數==================
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
WSAData wsaData;
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
return 255;
}
int retval = doit(argc, argv);
WSACleanup();
return retval;
}
==================頭文件==================
icmpdefs.h
//ICMP.DLL 函數中需要的結構
typedef struct {
unsigned char Ttl; // Time To Live
unsigned char Tos; // Type Of Service
unsigned char Flags; // IP header flags
unsigned char OptionsSize; // Size in bytes of options data
unsigned char *OptionsData; // Pointer to options data
} IP_OPTION_INFORMATION, * PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION;
typedef struct {
DWORD Address; // Replying address
unsigned long Status; // Reply status
unsigned long RoundTripTime; // RTT in milliseconds
unsigned short DataSize; // Echo data size
unsigned short Reserved; // Reserved for system use
void *Data; // Pointer to the echo data
IP_OPTION_INFORMATION Options; // Reply options
} IP_ECHO_REPLY, * PIP_ECHO_REPLY;
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