本文所使用的軟件及環境:
Visual Studio Ultimate 2013;
MVC5 + EF6 + .NET Framework 4.5 + LocalDB;Windows 7 x64 Professional
說明:
1.在EF (Entity Framework,以下簡稱EF6)框架下,操作數據的方式有三種:Database First, Model First, 以及 Code First,本文基於Code First創建。
2.本文是基於MVC5創建:
3.LocalDB
一、創建基於MVCWeb Application
在正式開始之前,先看一下VS 2013的啟動界面,是不是有點冷酷的感覺
好了,言歸正傳,首先按如下截圖創建
創建完成後,我們對網站的風格做些微調,以便能契合應用主題
Views\Shared\_Layout.cshtml做如下更改(請看黃色高亮部分)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>@ViewBag.Title - Contact</title> @Styles.Render("~/Content/css") @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr") </head> <body> <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> @Html.ActionLink("Contact", "Index", "Home", null, new { @class = "navbar-brand" }) </div> <div class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li>@Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")</li> <li>@Html.ActionLink("About", "About", "Home")</li> <li>@Html.ActionLink("Contacts", "Index", "Contact")</li> <li>@Html.ActionLink("Groups", "Index", "Group")</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container body-content"> @RenderBody() <hr /> <footer> <p>© @DateTime.Now.Year - Contact</p> </footer> </div> @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery") @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrap") @RenderSection("scripts", required: false) </body> </html> Views\Home\Index.cshtml 替換成如下內容 @{ ViewBag.Title = "Home Page"; } <div class="jumbotron"> <h1>Contact</h1> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <h2>Welcome to Contact</h2> <p> Contact is a sample application that demonstrates how to use Entity Framework 6 in an ASP.NET MVC 5 web application. </p> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <h2>Build it from scratch</h2> <p>You can build the application by following the steps in the tutorial series on the following site.</p> <p><a class="btn btn-default" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/panchunting/p/creating-an-entity-framework-data-model-for-an-asp-net-mvc-application.html">See the tutorial »</a></p> </div> </div>
運行看一下效果吧
安裝EF6
創建數據模型
在Models文件夾下,分別創建Contact.cs、Enrollment.cs、Group.cs三個類
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace PCT.Contact.Models { public class Contact { public int ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public DateTime EnrollmentDate { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Enrollment> Enrollments { get; set; } } } using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace PCT.Contact.Models { public class Enrollment { public int EnrollmentID { get; set; } public int ContactID { get; set; } public int GroupID { get; set; } public virtual Contact Contact { get; set; } public virtual Group Group { get; set; } } } using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace PCT.Contact.Models { public enum GroupName { Friend, Family, Colleague, Schoolmate, Stranger } public class Group { public int GroupID { get; set; } public GroupName? GroupName { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Enrollment> Enrollments { get; set; } } }
PS:發現VS 2013有一個自動提示reference,是不是很方便啊
創建Database Context
在PCT.Contact項目下新建文件夾DAL(Data Access Layer),繼而繼續新建CommunicationContext.cs
悲劇啊,由於類Contact和項目名稱Contact重復,不得不寫全稱啊,以後注意。
繼續在DAL目錄下創建CommunicationInitializer.cs
為了通知EF使用你創建的initializer class,在項目的web.config中添加entityFramework節點
<entityFramework> <contexts> <context type="PCT.Contact.DAL.CommunicationContext, PCT.Contact"> <databaseInitializer type="PCT.Contact.DAL.CommunicationInitializer, PCT.Contact" /> </context> </contexts> <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" /> <providers> <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" /> </providers> </entityFramework>
在項目web.config中添加connectionstrings(在appSettings之上)
<connectionStrings> <add name="CommunicationContext" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;Initial Catalog=ContactCommunication;Integrated Security=SSPI;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/> </connectionStrings> <appSettings> <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" /> <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" /> <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" /> <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" /> </appSettings>
運行結果
查看LocalDB
希望本文可以對大家學習有所幫助。