在ASP.net MVC的一個開源項目MvcContrib中,為我們提供了幾個視圖引擎,例如NVelocity, Brail, NHaml, XSLT。那麼如果我們想在ASP.NET MVC中實現我們自己的一個視圖引擎,我們應該要怎麼做呢?
我們知道呈現視圖是在Controller中通過傳遞視圖名和數據到RenderView()方法來實現的。好,我們就從這裡下手。我們查看一下ASP.NET MVC的源代碼,看看RenderView()這個方法是如何實現的:
protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, string
masterName, object viewData) {
ViewContext viewContext = new ViewContext(
ControllerContext, viewName, masterName, viewData, TempData);
ViewEngine.RenderView(viewContext);
}//
這是P2的源碼,P3略有不同,原理差不多,從上面的代碼我們可以看到,Controller中的RenderView()方法主要是將ControllerContext, viewName, masterName, viewData, TempData這一堆東西封裝成ViewContext,然後把ViewContext傳遞給ViewEngine.RenderView(viewContext)。嗯,沒錯,我們這裡要實現的就是ViewEngine的RenderView()方法。
ASP.NET MVC為我們提供了一個默認的視圖引擎,這個視圖引擎叫做:WebFormsViewEngine. 從名字就可以看出,這個視圖引擎是使用ASP.NET web forms來呈現的。在這裡,我們要實現的視圖引擎所使用的模板用HTML文件吧,簡單的模板示例代碼如下:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html XMLns=""http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"">
http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>自定義視圖引擎示例</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>{$ViewData.Title}</h1>
<p>{$ViewData.Message}</p>
<p>The following fruit is part of a string array: {$ViewData.FruitStrings[1]}</p>
<p>The following fruit is part of an object array: {$ViewData.FruitObjects[1].Name}</p>
<p>Here's an undefined variable: {$UNDEFINED}</p>
</body>
< ml>
下面馬上開始我們的實現。首先,毫無疑問的,我們要創建一個ViewEngine,就命名為 SimpleViewEngine 吧,注意哦,ViewEngine要實現IViewEngine接口:
public class SimpleViewEngine : IViewEngine
{
#region Private members
IViewLocator _viewLocator = null;
#endregion
#region IViewEngine Members : RenderView()
public void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext)
{
string viewLocation = ViewLocator.GetViewLocation
(viewContext, viewContext.ViewName);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewLocation))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format
("View {0} could not be found.", viewContext.ViewName));
}
string viewPath = viewContext.HttpContext.Request.MapPath(viewLocation);
string viewTemplate = File.ReadAllText(viewPath);
//以下為模板解析
IRenderer renderer = new PrintRenderer();
viewTemplate = renderer.Render(viewTemplate, viewContext);
viewContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(viewTemplate);
}
#endregion
#region Public properties : ViewLocator
public IViewLocator ViewLocator
{
get
{
if (this._viewLocator == null)
{
this._viewLocator = new SimpleViewLocator();
}
return this._viewLocator;
}
set
{
this._viewLocator = value;
}
}
#endregion
}