一、設計思路
用C#寫的比較基礎的windows Form 程序,該計算器實現了基礎的數學運算,如加,減,乘,除等任務.主要是通過該程序學習vs.net的
編程環境,以及windows Form程序.主要針對初學者
我們分兩部份來實現程序,
第一部份.程序界面
1,以下控件表
控件類型NameTextformcalcForm計算器buttonbutton10 ..... button109 bDot.(小數點) 小數點按鈕 bPlus+(加號) 加號按鈕 bSub -(減號) 減號按鈕 bMul*(乘號) 乘號按鈕 bDiv/(除號) 除號按鈕 bEqu =(等號) 等號按鈕 bClrAC 清除按鈕 textBox txtCalc (空值) 用來顯示輸入及輸出結果
第二部份,程序結構
1,定義以下變量
Double dblAcc; //運算數A Double dblSec; //運算數B bool blnClear,blnFrstOpen;//布爾類型用來判斷清除與否,以及第一個顯示字符 String strOper;//通過獲取strOper的值來決定運算+,-,*,/,=
2,用以下方法來實現按鈕的動作
例: bDot.click+=net EventHandler(btn_clk);//EventHandler類是事件代表類,用來注冊事件的處理方法.
//第一個參數是object類型,指向發出事件的對象;
//第二個參數是EventArgs類型,包含了關於這個事件的數據
3,用以下方法來判斷運算以及運算操作
private void calc(){
switch(strOper){
case "+":
dblAcc+=dblSec;//加法運算
break;
case "-":
dblAcc-=dblSec;//減法運算
break;
case "*":
dblAcc*=dblSec;//乘法運算
break;
case "/":
dblAcc/=dblSec;//除法運算
break;
}
strOper="=";//等號運算
blnFrstOpen=true;
txtCalc.Text=Convert.ToString(dblAcc);//將運算結果轉換成字符型,並輸出結果
dblSec=dblAcc;
}4,小數點運算
//先判斷是否已經按了小數點按鈕,如果按了,最0.x來代替運算變量,並且將轉換成Double數型數值
private void btn_clk(object obj,EventArgs ea){
if(blnClear)
txtCalc.Text="";
Button b3=(Button)obj;
txtCalc.Text+=b3.Text;
if(txtCalc.Text==".")
txtCalc.Text="0.";
dblSec=Convert.ToDouble(txtCalc.Text);
blnClear=false;
}程序中所涉及到的一些問題,都給解決了,現在我們動手吧!操上我的利器,去完成任務吧!
二、開發過程
下面跟我們一步步學習吧.
先啟動vs.net,建一個空的C#項目,如下(pic1.jpg)
名稱用wincalc,位置就自己設定好了。確定後，從vs.net開發環境中右邊的工具箱中加入控件表的控件，,注意修改txtCalc的如屬性ReadOnly=True,RightTOLeft=Yes(從右至左輸入),最後畫面如何(pic2)
添加代碼如源程序所示:
最後大功告成,按Ctrl+F5吧,看看結果.如圖(pic3.jpg)
三、源程序
//基本的計算器 //蠶蛹 2001.11.26 //Using C# //E-mail:[email protected] using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace wincalc { /// /// Summary description for calcForm. /// public class calcForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form { private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button4; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button5; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button6; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button7; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button8; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button9; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button10; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bClr; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bDot; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bPlus; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bSub; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bMul; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bDiv; private System.Windows.Forms.Button bEqu; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtCalc; //以下是要添加的代碼 //定義變量 Double dblAcc; Double dblSec; bool blnClear,blnFrstOpen; String strOper; //以上是添加的代碼 /// /// Required designer variable. /// private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null; public calcForm() { // // Required for Windows Form Designer support // InitializeComponent(); // // TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call // //以下是要添加的代碼 //初始化設量 dblAcc=0; dblSec=0; blnFrstOpen=true; blnClear=true; strOper=new string('=',1); //以上是添加的代碼 } /// /// Clean up any resources being used. /// protected override void Dispose( bool disposing ) { if( disposing ) { if(components != null) { components.Dispose(); } } base.Dispose( disposing ); } #region Windows Form Designer generated code /// /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify /// the contents of this method with the code editor. /// private void InitializeComponent() { this.bPlus = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.bMul = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.bDot = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.txtCalc = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.bClr = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.bDiv = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.bSub = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button8 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button9 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.bEqu = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button10 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button6 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button7 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // bPlus // this.bPlus.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control; this.bPlus.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText; this.bPlus.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(208, 112); this.bPlus.Name = "bPlus"; this.bPlus.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 80); this.bPlus.TabIndex = 1; this.bPlus.Text = "+"; //以下是要添加的代碼 bPlus.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper); //以上是添加的代碼 // // bMul // this.bMul.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 112); this.bMul.Name = "bMul"; this.bMul.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.bMul.TabIndex = 1; this.bMul.Text = "*"; //以下是要添加的代碼 bMul.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper); //以上是添加的代碼 // // bDot // this.bDot.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black; this.bDot.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 208); this.bDot.Name = "bDot"; this.bDot.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.bDot.TabIndex = 0; this.bDot.Text = "."; //以下是要添加的代碼 bDot.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // txtCalc // this.txtCalc.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 24); this.txtCalc.Name = "txtCalc"; this.txtCalc.ReadOnly = true; this.txtCalc.RightToLeft = System.Windows.Forms.RightToLeft.Yes; this.txtCalc.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(224, 21); this.txtCalc.TabIndex = 2; this.txtCalc.Text = ""; // // bClr // this.bClr.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control; this.bClr.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText; this.bClr.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(208, 64); this.bClr.Name = "bClr"; this.bClr.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.bClr.TabIndex = 0; this.bClr.Text = "AC"; //以下是要添加的代碼 bClr.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clr); //以上是添加的代碼 // // bDiv // this.bDiv.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 160); this.bDiv.Name = "bDiv"; this.bDiv.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.bDiv.TabIndex = 1; this.bDiv.Text = "/"; //以下是要添加的代碼 bDiv.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper); //以上是添加的代碼 // // bSub // this.bSub.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 64); this.bSub.Name = "bSub"; this.bSub.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.bSub.TabIndex = 1; this.bSub.Text = "-"; //以下是要添加的代碼 bSub.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_Oper); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button8 // this.button8.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 64); this.button8.Name = "button8"; this.button8.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button8.TabIndex = 0; this.button8.Text = "7"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button8.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button9 // this.button9.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 64); this.button9.Name = "button9"; this.button9.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button9.TabIndex = 0; this.button9.Text = "8"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button9.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // bEqu // this.bEqu.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control; this.bEqu.ForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText; this.bEqu.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 208); this.bEqu.Name = "bEqu"; this.bEqu.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 32); this.bEqu.TabIndex = 1; this.bEqu.Text = "="; //以下是要添加的代碼 bEqu.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_equ); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button10 // this.button10.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 64); this.button10.Name = "button10"; this.button10.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button10.TabIndex = 0; this.button10.Text = "9"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button10.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button4 // this.button4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 160); this.button4.Name = "button4"; this.button4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button4.TabIndex = 0; this.button4.Text = "3"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button5 // this.button5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 112); this.button5.Name = "button5"; this.button5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button5.TabIndex = 0; this.button5.Text = "4"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button6 // this.button6.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 112); this.button6.Name = "button6"; this.button6.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button6.TabIndex = 0; this.button6.Text = "5"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button6.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button7 // this.button7.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(112, 112); this.button7.Name = "button7"; this.button7.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button7.TabIndex = 0; this.button7.Text = "6"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button7.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button1 // this.button1.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control; this.button1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black; this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 208); this.button1.Name = "button1"; this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(80, 32); this.button1.TabIndex = 0; this.button1.Text = "0"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button2 // this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 160); this.button2.Name = "button2"; this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button2.TabIndex = 0; this.button2.Text = "1"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // button3 // this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(64, 160); this.button3.Name = "button3"; this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(32, 32); this.button3.TabIndex = 0; this.button3.Text = "2"; //以下是要添加的代碼 button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btn_clk); //以上是添加的代碼 // // calcForm // this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14); this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(256, 261); this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] { this.txtCalc, this.bEqu, this.bDiv, this.bMul, this.bSub, this.bPlus, this.bDot, this.bClr, this.button10, this.button9, this.button8, this.button7, this.button6, this.button5, this.button4, this.button3, this.button2, this.button1}); this.Name = "calcForm"; this.Text = "計算器"; this.ResumeLayout(false); } #endregion //以下是要添加的代碼 //小數點的操作 private void btn_clk(object obj,EventArgs ea){ if(blnClear) txtCalc.Text=""; Button b3=(Button)obj; txtCalc.Text+=b3.Text; if(txtCalc.Text==".") txtCalc.Text="0."; dblSec=Convert.ToDouble(txtCalc.Text); blnClear=false; } //程序開始點 private static void Main(){ Application.Run(new calcForm()); } private void btn_Oper(object obj,EventArgs ea){ Button tmp=(Button)obj; strOper=tmp.Text; if(blnFrstOpen) dblAcc=dblSec; else calc(); blnFrstOpen=false; blnClear=true; } //等號運算 private void btn_equ(object obj,EventArgs ea){ calc(); } //所有運算操作 private void calc(){ switch(strOper){ case "+": dblAcc+=dblSec; //加號運算 break; case "-": dblAcc-=dblSec; //減號運算 break; case "*": dblAcc*=dblSec; //乘號運算 break; case "/": dblAcc/=dblSec; //除號運算 break; } strOper="="; //等號運算 blnFrstOpen=true; txtCalc.Text=Convert.ToString(dblAcc);//將運算結果轉換成字符類型,並輸出 dblSec=dblAcc;//將運算數A的值放入運算數B中,以便後面運算 } //清除按鈕 private void btn_clr(object obj,EventArgs ea){ clear(); } //清除按鈕的操作 private void clear(){ dblAcc=0; dblSec=0; blnFrstOpen=true; txtCalc.Text=""; txtCalc.Focus();//設置焦點為txtCalc } //以上是添加的代碼 } }
以上只是一個簡單的用C#開發的Windows Form程序,在vs.nt bate2+windows 2000專業版編譯通過.向正在學習vs.net網友們拋磚引玉，其功能上還有很多不完善的地方，歡迎網友們將其完善。
