c#中高效的excel導入sqlserver的方法

將oledb讀取的excel數據快速插入的sqlserver中，很多人通過循環來拼接sql，這樣做不但容易出錯而且效率低下，最好的辦法是使用bcp，也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 類來實現。不但速度快，而且代碼簡單，下面測試代碼導入一個6萬多條數據的sheet，包括讀取（全部讀取比較慢）在我的開發環境中只需要10秒左右，而真正的導入過程只需要4.5秒。

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
namespace WindowsApplication2
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //測試，將excel中的sheet1導入到sqlserver中
            string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";
            System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();
            if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);
            }
        }

        public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)
        {
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            try
            {
                //獲取全部數據
                string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
                conn.Open();
                string strExcel = "";
                OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
                strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);
                myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
                myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

                //如果目標表不存在則創建
                string strSql = string.Format("if object_id({0}) is null create table {0}(", sheetName);
                foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)
                {
                    strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);
                }
                strSql = strSql.Trim(,) + ")";

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))
                {
                    sqlconn.Open();
                    System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();
                    command.CommandText = strSql;
                    command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                    sqlconn.Close();
                }
                //用bcp導入數據
                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))
                {
                    bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);
                    bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次傳輸的行數
                    bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//進度提示的行數
                    bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目標表
                    bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

        }

        //進度顯示
        void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEvent