c#進程之間對象傳遞方法。本站提示廣大學習愛好者:(c#進程之間對象傳遞方法)文章只能為提供參考,不一定能成為您想要的結果。以下是c#進程之間對象傳遞方法正文
1. 起源
KV項目下載底層重構升級決定采用獨立進程進行Media下載處理,以能做到模塊復用之目的,因此涉及到了獨立進程間的數據傳遞問題。
目前進程間數據傳遞,多用WM_COPYDATA、共享dll、內存映射、Remoting等方式。相對來說,WM_COPYDATA方式更為簡便,網上更到處是其使用方法。
而且Marshal這個靜態類,其內置多種方法,可以很方便實現字符串、結構體等數據在不同進程間傳遞。
那麼,對象呢?如何傳遞?
2、序列化
想到了,Newtonsoft.Json.dll這個神器。相對於內建的XmlSerializer這個東西,我更喜歡用Json。
那麼,如此處理吧,我們來建個Demo解決方案,裡面有HostApp、ClildApp兩個項目,以做數據傳遞。
3、ChildApp項目
先說這個,我沒有抽取共用的數據單獨出來,而做為Demo,直接寫入此項目中,HostApp引用此項目,就可引用其中public出來的數據類型。
數據結構部分代碼:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct COPYDATASTRUCT { public IntPtr dwData; public int cbData; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string lpData; } [Serializable] public class Person { private string name; private int age; private List<Person> children; public Person(string name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; this.children = new List<Person>(); } public string Name { get { return this.name; } set { this.name = value; } } public int Age { get { return this.age; } set { this.age = value; } } public List<Person> Children { get { return this.children; } } public void AddChildren() { this.children.Add(new Person("liuxm", 9)); this.children.Add(new Person("liuhm", 7)); } public override string ToString() { string info = string.Format("姓名:{0},年齡:{1}", this.name, this.age); if (this.children.Count != 0) { info += (this.children.Count == 1) ? "\r\n孩子:" : "\r\n孩子們:"; foreach (var child in this.children) info += "\r\n" + child.ToString(); } return info; } }
窗體代碼:
public partial class ChildForm : Form { public const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A; private IntPtr hostHandle = IntPtr.Zero; Person person = new Person("liujw", 1999); [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")] private static extern int SendMessage( IntPtr hWnd, // handle to destination window int Msg, // message int wParam, // first message parameter ref COPYDATASTRUCT lParam // second message parameter ); public ChildForm(string[] args) { InitializeComponent(); if (args.Length != 0) this.hostHandle = (IntPtr)int.Parse(args[0]); } private void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.person.Name = txtName.Text; int age; this.person.Age = int.TryParse(txtAge.Text, out age) ? age : 0; this.person.AddChildren(); if (this.hostHandle != IntPtr.Zero) { string data = GetPersionStr(); COPYDATASTRUCT cds = new COPYDATASTRUCT(); cds.dwData = (IntPtr)901; cds.cbData = data.Length + 1; cds.lpData = data; SendMessage(this.hostHandle, WM_COPYDATA, 0, ref cds); } } private string GetPersionStr() { return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(this.person); } }
這樣在窗體按鈕btnSubmit_Click事件中,完成了數據向HostApp的字符串形式傳遞。
如何獲取宿主程序的窗口句柄呢?改造下ChildApp的Program.cs過程即可:
/// <summary> /// 應用程序的主入口點。 /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new ChildForm(args)); }
3、HostApp項目
我們權且稱之為宿主項目吧,其窗體代碼為:
public partial class MainForm : Form { public const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A; public MainForm() { InitializeComponent(); } protected override void WndProc(ref Message m) { base.WndProc(ref m); switch (m.Msg) { case WM_COPYDATA: COPYDATASTRUCT copyData = new COPYDATASTRUCT(); Type type = copyData.GetType(); copyData = (COPYDATASTRUCT)m.GetLParam(type); string data = copyData.lpData; RestorePerson(data); break; } } private void RestorePerson(string data) { var person = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Person>(data); if (person != null) txtInfo.Text = person.ToString(); } private void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { RunChildProcess(); } private void RunChildProcess() { string appPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath); string childPath = Path.Combine(appPath, "ChildApp.exe"); Process.Start(childPath, this.Handle.ToString()); } }
它的作用就是接收子進程傳遞回來的字串,用JsonConvert反序列化為Person對象。
是不是很簡單呢?
其實就是用了WM_COPYDATA的字符串傳遞功能,加上Json的序列化、反序列化,而實現c#不同進程間的對象傳遞
4、效果圖:
5、2017-03-24追加:
今天又發現用Json序列化較為復雜的字串時,出現轉義錯誤,導致反序列化失敗。於時改用二進制序列化,轉其為base64字串進行傳遞,問題解決。
代碼如下:
public static class SerializeHelper { /// <summary> /// 序列obj對象為base64字串 /// </summary> /// <param name="obj"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Serialize(object obj) { if (obj == null) return string.Empty; try { var formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); var stream = new MemoryStream(); formatter.Serialize(stream, obj); stream.Position = 0; byte[] buffer = new byte[stream.Length]; stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); stream.Close(); return Convert.ToBase64String(buffer); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(string.Format("序列化{0}失敗,原因:{1}", obj, ex.Message)); } } /// <summary> /// 反序列化字符串到對象 /// </summary> /// <param name="str">要轉換為對象的字符串</param> /// <returns>反序列化出來的對象</returns> public static T Deserialize<T>(string str) { var obj = default(T); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) return obj; try { var formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); byte[] buffer = Convert.FromBase64String(str); MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(buffer); obj = (T)formatter.Deserialize(stream); stream.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(string.Format("序列化{0}失敗,原因:{1}", obj, ex.Message)); } return obj; } }
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