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 程式師世界 >> 編程語言 >> .NET網頁編程 >> C# >> 關於C# >> 設計模式(C#) - 策略模式(Strategy Pattern)

設計模式(C#) - 策略模式(Strategy Pattern)

編輯:關於C#

返回“設計模式(C#)系列文章索引”

介紹

定義一系列的算法,把它們一個個封裝起來,並且使它們可相互替換。本模式使得算法的變化可獨立於使用它的客戶。

示例

有一個Message實體類,對它的操作有Insert()和Get()方法,持久化數據在SqlServer數據庫中或Xml文件裡(兩種可互換的算法)。由客戶端決定使用哪種算法。

MessageModel

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Strategy
{
  /**//// <summary>
  /// Message實體類
  /// </summary>
  public class MessageModel
  {
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 構造函數
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="msg">Message內容</param>
    /// <param name="pt">Message發布時間</param>
    public MessageModel(string msg, DateTime pt)
    {
      this._message = msg;
      this._publishTime = pt;
    }

    private string _message;
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Message內容
    /// </summary>
    public string Message
    {
      get { return _message; }
      set { _message = value; }
    }

    private DateTime _publishTime;
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Message發布時間
    /// </summary>
    public DateTime PublishTime
    {
      get { return _publishTime; }
      set { _publishTime = value; }
    }
  }
}

IMessageStrategy

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Strategy
{
  /**//// <summary>
  /// 策略接口
  /// </summary>
  public interface IMessageStrategy
  {
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 獲取Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    List<MessageModel> Get();

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 插入Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="mm">Message實體對象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    bool Insert(MessageModel mm);
  }
}

SqlMessage

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Strategy
{
  /**//// <summary>
  /// Sql方式操作Message
  /// </summary>
  public class SqlMessage : IMessageStrategy
  {
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 獲取Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public List<MessageModel> Get()
    {
      List<MessageModel> l = new List<MessageModel>();
      l.Add(new MessageModel("SQL方式獲取Message", DateTime.Now));

      return l;
    }

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 插入Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="mm">Message實體對象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public bool Insert(MessageModel mm)
    {
      // 代碼略
      return true;
    }
  }
}

XmlMessage

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Strategy
{
  /**//// <summary>
  /// Xml方式操作Message
  /// </summary>
  public class XmlMessage : IMessageStrategy
  {
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 獲取Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public List<MessageModel> Get()
    {
      List<MessageModel> l = new List<MessageModel>();
      l.Add(new MessageModel("XML方式獲取Message", DateTime.Now));

      return l;
    }

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 插入Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="mm">Message實體對象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public bool Insert(MessageModel mm)
    {
      // 代碼略
      return true;
    }
  }
}

Message

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Strategy
{
  /**//// <summary>
  /// Context類
  /// </summary>
  public class Message
  {
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 聲明一個IMessageStrategy類型
    /// </summary>
    private IMessageStrategy _strategy;

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 構造函數
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strategy">具體算法</param>
    public Message(IMessageStrategy strategy)
    {
      this._strategy = strategy;
    }

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 獲取Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public List<MessageModel> Get()
    {
      return _strategy.Get();
    }

    /**//// <summary>
    /// 插入Message
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="mm">Message實體對象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public bool Insert(MessageModel mm)
    {
      return _strategy.Insert(mm);
    }
  }
}

client

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using Pattern.Strategy;

public partial class Strategy : System.Web.UI.Page
{
  protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
    Message m = new Message(new XmlMessage());
    Response.Write(m.Insert(new MessageModel("插入", DateTime.Now)));
    Response.Write("<br />");
    Response.Write(m.Get()[0].Message + " " + m.Get()[0].PublishTime.ToString());
    Response.Write("<br />");

    m = new Message(new SqlMessage());
    Response.Write(m.Insert(new MessageModel("插入", DateTime.Now)));
    Response.Write("<br />");
    Response.Write(m.Get()[0].Message + " " + m.Get()[0].PublishTime.ToString());
    Response.Write("<br />");
  }
}

運行結果

True

XML方式獲取Message 2007-2-10 22:42:44

True

SQL方式獲取Message 2007-2-10 22:42:44

參考

http://www.dofactory.com/Patterns/PatternStrategy.aspx

OK

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