.Net Micro Framework研究—實現SideShow窗體界面

基於MF系統的Windows SideShow界面是非常炫的（如下圖）。既然微軟能用.Net Micro Framework實現這麼棒的界面效果，我想我們也能做到。


（SideShow模擬器界面和游戲程序中的右鍵菜單—注意菜單彈出後，其它的界面變暗了）
現在的任務是設計一套支持鼠標（或觸摸屏）的窗體框架（目前MF提供的Window類僅支持按鍵功能），所以正好把SideShow如此炫的界面元素也可以添加進來。
用過MF的人知道是用下面的方法來實現按鍵事件接收的，既然我們要支持鼠標功能，所以最好也用類似的機理實現。
    //按鍵事件
    protected override void OnButtonDown(ButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        switch (e.Button)
        {
            //按下確定鍵
            case Button.Select:
                break;
       $False$

green">//按下左鍵
            case Button.Left:
                break;
            //按下右鍵
            case Button.Right:
                break;
            //按向上
            case Button.Up:
                break;
            //按向下
            case Button.Down:
                break;
            //en">按下菜單
            case Button.Menu:
                break;
            //按下返回鍵
            case Button.Back:
                break;
        }
        base.OnButtonDown(e);
    }
用反編譯工具仔細研究了MF底層庫代碼（.Net FrameWork 太龐大了，一個人絕對短時間內看不完，其實也很難看下去，但是對剛剛起步的MF來說，.Net Micro FrameWork就簡單多了），終於理清了頭緒。主要原理是在鼠標信息處理線程中通過Application.Current.Windows 屬性（該屬性存放了當前實例所有派生於Window類的窗體）和應用實例的this.Dispatcher屬性的BeginInvoke方法，外部調用窗體鼠標事件函數。充分利用基類虛函數的妙處來實現類似按鍵信息處理的功能。
在YFWindowBase類中聲明如下虛擬鼠標事件函數。
//鼠標移動
    public virtual void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseMove != null) MouseMove(sender, e);
    }//鼠標單擊
    public virtual void OnMouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseClick != null) MouseClick(sender, e);
    }
    //按下
    public virtual void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
       if (MouseDown != null) MouseDown(sender, e);
    }
    //抬起
    public virtual void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseUp != null) MouseUp(sender, e);
    }
 
在鼠標信息處理函數中執行如下的代碼即可。
   //處理鼠標消息
    private static void TransactMouse(MouseState state, int x, int y, MouseButtons button)
    {
        if (Application.Current == null) return;
        for (int i = Application.Current.Windows.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try
            {
                YFWindowBase mw = Application.Current.Windows[i] as YFWindowBase;
 
                if (mw.Enabled && mw.IsVisible)
                {
            &//鼠標單擊
    public virtual void OnMouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseClick != null) MouseClick(sender, e);
    }
    //按下
    public virtual void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
       if (MouseDown != null) MouseDown(sender, e);
    }
    //抬起
    public virtual void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseUp != null) MouseUp(sender, e);
    }
 
在鼠標信息處理函數中執行如下的代碼即可。   //處理鼠標消息
    private static void TransactMouse(MouseState state, int x, int y, MouseButtons button)
    {
        if (Application.Current == null) return;
        for (int i = Application.Current.Windows.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try
            {
                YFWindowBase mw = Application.Current.Windows[i] as YFWindowBase;
 
                if (mw.Enabled && mw.IsVisible)
                {
                    //span>判斷子窗體
                    bool bReturn = false;
                    for (int j = mw.Children.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
                    {
                        //僅最上層並且可視的控件接收鼠標消息
                        YFControl cl = mw.Children[j];
                        if (!bReturn && cl.Visible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left + cl.Left, mw.Top + cl.Top, cl.Width, cl.Height))
                        {
                            if (cl.Enable) //Enable和Visible不一樣，Enable即使無效，下層控件也沒有機會獲得鼠標消息
                            {
                                if (!cl._EnterFlag)
                                {
                                    cl._EnterFlag = true;
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseEnter), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                }
                                if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new 2b91af">MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseMove), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseDown), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseUp), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)NT-SIZE: 9pt">                             &nb    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseClick), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                            }
                            //向主窗體傳OnMouseEvent消息，為了繪制鼠標
                            if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                            bReturn = true;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (cl._EnterFlag)
                            {
                                cl._EnterFlag = false;
                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseLeave), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left, y - cl.Top));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (bReturn) return;
                }
 
                //僅最上層並且可視的窗體接收鼠標消息
                if (mw.IsVisible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left, mw.Top, mw.Width, mw.Height))
                {
                    if (!mw.Enabled) return;
 
                    if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseMove), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(an >new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseDown), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseUp), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseClick), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button,x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    return;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(e.Message.ToString(), e);
            }
        }
    }
  用戶程序的窗體類只要派生於YFWindowBase類，就可以直接支持鼠標和按鍵功能了。用戶代碼如下：
    //主窗體
    internal sealed class MFWindow :YFWindowBase
    {
        public YFLabel label1;
        YFButton button1, button2, button3, button4, button5;
     ;  public MFWindow()
        {
            //標簽
            label1 = new YFLabel("就緒", 0, Height - 25, Width, 25);
            label1.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Left;
            label1.BackColor = ColorUtility.ColorFromRGB(189, 235, 255);
            label1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
            //添加按鈕
            button1 = new YFButton("觸摸屏校准", 30, 35, 90, 40);
            button1.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button2 = new YFButton("計算器",200, 35, 90, 40);
            button2.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button3 = new YFButton("簡易記事本", 30, 135, 90, 40);
            button3.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button4 = new YFButton("關於...", 200, 135, 90, 40);
            button4.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button5 = new YFButton("主菜單", 125, 85, 70, 40);
            button5.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            Children.Add(button1);
            Children.Add(button2);
            Children.Add(button3);
            Children.Add(button4);
            Children.Add(button5);
            Children.Add(label1);
            button3.Enable = false;
            //button3.Visible = false;
            //設置菜單
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("觸摸屏校准"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
    &nbs     Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("計算器"));
            Menu.AddItem(new #2b91af">MenuItem("簡易記事本"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("關於..."));
            Menu[3].Enabled = false;
            //Menu[3].Visible = false;
        }       
        //按鈕事件
        void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            YFButton button=((YFButton)sender);
            switch (button.Text)
            {
        ;       case "主菜單":
                    //彈出菜單
                    this.Menu.Show();
                    break;
                default:
                    OnMenuClick(new MenuEventArgs(0, button.Text));
                    break;
            }                          
        }
運行後的界面如下：
 
圖1：主界面（按鈕即支持鼠標也可以用按鍵切換輸入焦點（right鍵等同於PC平台上的Tab鍵），並用OK鍵觸發按鍵事件）


圖2：單擊主菜單按鈕或單擊“Menu”就可以彈出主菜單
 

圖3：不要小看了上圖的藍色小圓，是我費了好大勁才繪制出來的（目前MF僅支持矩形框的填充）。

private void DrawCircle(Color c,int x, int y, int r, DrawingContext dc)
    {
        Pen p=new Pen(c);
       >SolidColorBrush b = new SolidColorBrush(c);
        int Offset45=(int)(0.707*r);
        int Offset30 = r / 2;
        int Offset60 = (int)(0.866 * r);
 
        for (int i = Offset45; i < r + 1; i++)
        {
            dc.DrawEllipse(null, p, x, y, i, i);
        }
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset45, y - Offset45,Offset45*2, Offset45*2);
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, Offset60 * 2, Offset30 * 2);
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset30, y - Offset60, Offset30 * 2, Offset60 * 2);
 
        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, x - Offset30, y - Offset60);
        dc.DrawLine(p, x+ Offset60 , y + Offset30, x + Offset30 ,y + Offset60 );
        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y + Offset30, x - Offset30 , y + Offset60);
        dc.DrawLine(p,x + Offset60, y - Offset30, x + Offset30, y - Offset60);
   }
 
 
圖5：終於在MF上實現了計算器的功能，目前不僅支持鼠標，也可以用光標鍵和OK鍵進行輸入計算了。

別小看了計算器程序，由於MF僅有數字轉字符串功能，沒有實現字符串轉數字的功能，我自己自定義了一些函數，用了一些特殊的用法才編寫完成。
//數字輸入的部分代碼
if (strInput == "dblInput = 0;
        if (strInput != "0.")
        {
            strInput += b.Text;
            if (strInput.IndexOf(''.'')<1)
            {
                dblInput *= 10;
                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text);
            }

           else
            {
                int index = strInput.Length - strInput.LastIndexOf(''.'') - 1;
                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text) /System.Math.Pow(10,index);
            }
        }
        else if (b.Text != "0")
        {
            strInput = b.Text;
            dblInput = ToDouble(b.Text);
     }
   下面是窗體的界面搭建部分，你絕對想不到用這麼短的代碼就實現了上圖的界面布局（看過我以前.Net Micro Framework研究的網友，應該對MF本身提供的控件有印象，正是因為系統的控件不好用，我專門重新寫了一套MF控件類）。
    YFButton[] button=new YFButton[20];
    YFLabel lblInput = null;
    string[] strText = new string[] { "7","8", "9", "/", "CE", "4", "5", "6", "*", "%", "1", "2", "3", "-", "1/x", "0", "+/-", ".", "+", "=" };
    public YFCalc(string Title,int Width,int Height,YFWindowBase Parent)
        : base(Title, Width, Height, Parent)
    {
        int x=ClientRect.X,y=ClIEntRect.Y;
 
        lblInput = new YFLabel("0.", x + 5, y + 5, ClIEntRect.Width - 10, 20);
        lblInput.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Right;
        Children.Add(lblInput);
        for (<span >int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
        {
            if(i % 5==0 && i!=0)
            {
                x = ClIEntRect.X;
                y = y + 32;
            }
            button[i] = new YFButton("", x + 5, y + 32, 32, 28);
            button[i].Text = strText[i];
            button[i].MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            x += 37;
            Children.Add(button[i]);
        }              
    }
    //按鈕單擊
    void button_MouseClick(object sender,]

MouseEventArgs e)
{
}
其實這段時間以來，我一直在研究MF，雖然目前它還不是很成熟，但是隨著研究的深入，越來越對它癡迷，越來越發現很多MF的寶藏（如果你有耐心的話，一定要看看MF底層框架的源碼（通過反編譯工具Reflector），你會發現很多很有意思的功能）。
MF相對於Windows XP/Vista、Windows CE而言，還只能算一個嬰孩，但就是這樣，就如一個偉人所說：孩子就是未來的希望。所以有理由相信MF的明天會更好。