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 程式師世界 >> 編程語言 >> .NET網頁編程 >> 關於.NET >> WebAPI性能優化之壓縮解壓,webapi性能優化

WebAPI性能優化之壓縮解壓,webapi性能優化

編輯:關於.NET

WebAPI性能優化之壓縮解壓,webapi性能優化


有時候為了提升WebAPI的性能,減少響應時間,我們會使用壓縮和解壓,而現在大多數客戶端浏覽器都提供了內置的解壓支持。在WebAPI請求的資源越大時,使用壓縮對性能提升的效果越明顯,而當請求的資源很小時則不需要使用壓縮和解壓,因為壓縮和解壓同樣也是需要耗費一定的時間的。

看見老外寫了一篇ASP.NET Web API GZip compression ActionFilter with 8 lines of code

說實話被這標題吸引了,8行代碼實現GZip壓縮過濾器,我就照著他的去實踐了一番,發現居然中文出現亂碼。

按照他的實現方式:

1、下載DotNetZipLib庫

2、解壓後添加Ionic.Zlib.dll的dll引用

3、新建DeflateCompression特性和GZipCompression特性,分別代表Deflate壓縮和GZip壓縮,這兩種壓縮方式的實現代碼很相似

不同的地方就是

actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "gzip");

actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "deflate");

  var compressor = new DeflateStream(
                    output, CompressionMode.Compress,
                    CompressionLevel.BestSpeed)
 var compressor = new GZipStream(
                    output, CompressionMode.Compress,
                    CompressionLevel.BestSpeed)
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http.Filters;

namespace WebAPI.Filter
{
    public class GZipCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actContext)
        {
            var content = actContext.Response.Content;
            var bytes = content == null ? null : content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;
            var zlibbedContent = bytes == null ? new byte[0] :
            CompressionHelper.GZipByte(bytes);
            actContext.Response.Content = new ByteArrayContent(zlibbedContent);
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Remove("Content-Type");
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "gzip");
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json");
            base.OnActionExecuted(actContext);
        }
    }
}
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http.Filters;

namespace WebAPI.Filter
{
    public class DeflateCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actContext)
        {
            var content = actContext.Response.Content;
            var bytes = content == null ? null : content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;
            var zlibbedContent = bytes == null ? new byte[0] :
            CompressionHelper.DeflateByte(bytes);
            actContext.Response.Content = new ByteArrayContent(zlibbedContent);
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Remove("Content-Type");
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-encoding", "deflate");
            actContext.Response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json");
            base.OnActionExecuted(actContext);
        }
    }

4、添加一個壓縮幫助類CompressionHelper

using System.IO;
using Ionic.Zlib;

namespace WebAPI.Filter
{
    public class CompressionHelper
    {
        public static byte[] DeflateByte(byte[] str)
        {
            if (str == null)
            {
                return null;
            }

            using (var output = new MemoryStream())
            {
                using (
                    var compressor = new DeflateStream(
                    output, CompressionMode.Compress,
                    CompressionLevel.BestSpeed))
                {
                    compressor.Write(str, 0, str.Length);
                }

                return output.ToArray();
            }
        }
        public static byte[] GZipByte(byte[] str)
        {
            if (str == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            using (var output = new MemoryStream())
            {
                using (
                    var compressor = new GZipStream(
                    output, CompressionMode.Compress,
                    CompressionLevel.BestSpeed))
                {
                    compressor.Write(str, 0, str.Length);
                }

                return output.ToArray();
            }
        }
    }
}

5、控制器調用,這裡我寫的測試代碼:

    public class TestController : ApiController
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        
        [GZipCompression]
        public string Get(int id)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000;i++ )
            {
                sb.Append("這裡是中國的領土" + i);
            }
            return sb.ToString() + DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime() + "," + id;
        }
    }

先看下不使用壓縮,注釋//[GZipCompression] 標記,文件大小是26.4kb,請求時間是1.27s

使用[GZipCompression]標記,添加壓縮後,文件大小是2.4kb,響應時間是1.21,Respouse Body明顯小了很多,但是響應時間少得並不明顯,因為在本地環境下載太快了,而壓縮解壓卻要消耗一定的時間,界面加載的時間主要消耗在onload上了。有個問題:中文顯示亂碼了。

 使用.net自帶的壓縮,在System.IO.Compression中提供了對應的類庫——GZipStream與DeflateStream。控制器調用代碼不變,新建一個CompressContentAttribute.cs類,代碼如下:

using System.Web; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace WebAPI.Filter { // <summary> /// 自動識別客戶端是否支持壓縮,如果支持則返回壓縮後的數據 /// Attribute that can be added to controller methods to force content /// to be GZip encoded if the client supports it /// </summary> public class CompressContentAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { /// <summary> /// Override to compress the content that is generated by /// an action method. /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext"></param> public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext) { GZipEncodePage(); } /// <summary> /// Determines if GZip is supported /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsGZipSupported() { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) && (AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))) return true; return false; } /// <summary> /// Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter /// IMPORTANT: /// You have to call this method before any output is generated! /// </summary> public static void GZipEncodePage() { HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response; if (IsGZipSupported()) { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate")) { Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); #region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除) //Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); #endregion Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate"); } else { Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); #region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除) //Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); #endregion Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip"); } } // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately Response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); } } /// <summary> /// 強制Defalte壓縮 /// Content-encoding:gzip,Content-Type:application/json /// DEFLATE是一個無專利的壓縮算法,它可以實現無損數據壓縮,有眾多開源的實現算法。 /// </summary> public class DeflateCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext) { HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response; Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); #region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除) //Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); #endregion Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate"); } } /// <summary> /// 強制GZip壓縮,application/json /// Content-encoding:gzip,Content-Type:application/json /// GZIP是使用DEFLATE進行壓縮數據的另一個壓縮庫 /// </summary> public class GZipCompressionAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext) { HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response; Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); #region II6不支持此方法,(實際上此值默認為null 也不需要移除) //Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); #endregion Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip"); } } } View Code

運行查看結果,壓縮能力比DotNetZipLib略差,但是不再出現亂碼了。

把控制器代碼中的標記改為   [DeflateCompression],使用Deflate壓縮再來看下效果:

 

Deflate壓縮後,Content-Length值為2538,而GZip壓縮Content-Length值為2556,可見Deflate壓縮效果更好。

這裡,WebAPI的壓縮我都是通過Action過濾器的方式來實現,當然你也可以寫在WebAPI中的全局配置中,考慮到有些API接口並不需要使用到壓縮,所以就通過Action過濾器的方式來實現了。

dudu的這篇文章HttpClient與APS.NET Web API:請求內容的壓縮與解壓在客戶端壓縮、在服務端解壓。

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