Delphi 2009 新增了泛型容器單元: Generics.Collections, 同時還有一個 Generics.Defaults 單元做支持.
Generics.Collections 包含了以下實用類:
TList<T>
TQueue<T>
TStack<T>
TDictionary<TKey,TValue>
TObjectList<T>
TObjectQueue<T>
TObjectStack<T>
TObjectDictionary<TKey,TValue>
有了以上泛型的容器, 恐怕 Classes.TList 和 Contnrs 單元下的 TObjectList 等系列容器也就只為兼容存在了.
Generics.Collections.TList<T> 既然是泛型的, 那肯定應該容得下字符串列表, 本例就依此測試吧.
如果你對泛型不了解, 應先看看: http://www.cnblogs.com/del/archive/2008/08/14/1268258.html
本例效果圖:
代碼文件:unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, StdCtrls;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Memo1: TMemo;
Edit1: TEdit;
Button1: TButton;
Button2: TButton;
Button3: TButton;
Button4: TButton;
Button5: TButton;
Button6: TButton;
Button7: TButton;
Button8: TButton;
Button9: TButton;
Button10: TButton;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure Edit1Change(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button6Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button7Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button8Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button9Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button10Click(Sender: TObject);
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
uses Generics.Collections; {Delphi 2009 新增的泛型容器單元}
var
List: TList<string>; {定義一個泛型 TList 類, 這指定了要用於 string}
str: string = 'Test';
{建立}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
List := TList<string>.Create;
Memo1.Clear;
Edit1.Text := str;
Button1.Caption := Button1.Caption + ' 顯示';
Button2.Caption := Button2.Caption + ' 添加';
Button3.Caption := Button3.Caption + ' 插入';
Button4.Caption := Button4.Caption + ' 刪除1';
Button5.Caption := Button5.Caption + ' 刪除2';
Button6.Caption := Button6.Caption + ' 查找';
Button7.Caption := Button7.Caption + ' 排序';
Button8.Caption := Button8.Caption + ' 翻轉';
Button9.Caption := Button9.Caption + ' 清空';
Button10.Caption := Button10.Caption + ' 添加數組';
end;
{釋放}
procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Free;
end;
procedure TForm1.Edit1Change(Sender: TObject);
begin
if Edit1.Text <> '' then str := Edit1.Text;
end;
{顯示}
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i: Integer;
begin
Memo1.Clear;
for i := 0 to List.Count - 1 do
Memo1.Lines.Add(List[i]); {List[i] = List.Item[i]}
Text := Format('當前總數: %d', [List.Count]);
end;
{添加}
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Add(str);
Button1.Click; {刷新顯示}
end;
{插入, 譬如插入在最前面}
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Insert(0, str);
Button1.Click;
end;
{根據序號刪除, 譬如刪除第一個數據}
procedure TForm1.Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.RemoveAt(0);
Button1.Click;
end;
{根據內容刪除, 譬如刪除第一個數據}
procedure TForm1.Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
var
s: string;
begin
s := List[0];
List.Remove(s);
Button1.Click;
end;
{查找}
procedure TForm1.Button6Click(Sender: TObject);
var
n: Integer;
begin
n := List.IndexOf(str); {LastIndexOf 是從後面找; 也可用 List.Contains(str) 判斷是否包含 str}
if n = -1 then
ShowMessage('沒找到')
else
ShowMessageFmt('%s 是第 %d 個', [str, n+1]);
end;
{排序}
procedure TForm1.Button7Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Sort;
Button1.Click;
end;
{翻轉}
procedure TForm1.Button8Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Reverse;
Button1.Click;
end;
{清空}
procedure TForm1.Button9Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
List.Clear;
Button1.Click;
end;
{添加數組}
procedure TForm1.Button10Click(Sender: TObject);
const
arr: array[0..2] of string = ('CodeGear', 'Delphi', '2009');
begin
List.Add('Embarcadero');
List.AddRange(arr);
Button1.Click;
end;
end.
窗體文件:
object Form1: TForm1
Left = 0
Top = 0
Caption = 'Form1'
ClientHeight = 201
ClientWidth = 349
Color = clBtnFace
Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
Font.Color = clWindowText
Font.Height = -11
Font.Name = 'Tahoma'
Font.Style = []
OldCreateOrder = False
OnCreate = FormCreate
OnDestroy = FormDestroy
PixelsPerInch = 96
TextHeight = 13
object Memo1: TMemo
Left = 0
Top = 0
Width = 121
Height = 201
Align = alLeft
Lines.Strings = (
'Memo1')
ScrollBars = ssBoth
TabOrder = 0
ExplicitHeight = 206
end
object Button1: TButton
Left = 136
Top = 13
Width = 81
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button1'
TabOrder = 1
OnClick = Button1Click
end
object Button2: TButton
Left = 127
Top = 44
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button2'
TabOrder = 2
OnClick = Button2Click
end
object Button3: TButton
Left = 127
Top = 75
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button3'
TabOrder = 3
OnClick = Button3Click
end
object Button4: TButton
Left = 127
Top = 106
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button4'
TabOrder = 4
OnClick = Button4Click
end
object Button5: TButton
Left = 127
Top = 137
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button5'
TabOrder = 5
OnClick = Button5Click
end
object Button6: TButton
Left = 240
Top = 44
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button6'
TabOrder = 6
OnClick = Button6Click
end
object Button7: TButton
Left = 240
Top = 75
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button7'
TabOrder = 7
OnClick = Button7Click
end
object Button8: TButton
Left = 240
Top = 106
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button8'
TabOrder = 8
OnClick = Button8Click
end
object Button9: TButton
Left = 240
Top = 137
Width = 100
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button9'
TabOrder = 9
OnClick = Button9Click
end
object Edit1: TEdit
Left = 240
Top = 15
Width = 100
Height = 21
TabOrder = 10
Text = 'Edit1'
OnChange = Edit1Change
end
object Button10: TButton
Left = 127
Top = 168
Width = 214
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button10'
TabOrder = 11
OnClick = Button10Click
end
end
