本文實例講述了python實現的文件同步服務器。分享給大家供大家參考。具體實現方法如下：
服務端使用asyncore, 收到文件後保存到本地。
客戶端使用pyinotify監視目錄的變化 ，把變動的文件發送到服務端。
重點：
1. 使用structs打包發送文件的信息，服務端收到後，根據文件信息來接收客戶端傳送過來的文件。
2. 客戶端使用多線程，pyinotify監視到文件變化，放到隊列中，由另外一個線程發送。
上代碼：
服務端：
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 # receive file from client and store them into file use asyncore.# #/usr/bin/python #coding: utf-8 import asyncore import socket from socket import errno import logging import time import sys import struct import os import fcntl import threading from rrd_graph import MakeGraph try: import rrdtool except (ImportError, ImportWarnning): print "Hope this information can help you:" print "Can not find pyinotify module in sys path, just run [apt-get install python-rrdtool] in ubuntu." sys.exit(1) class RequestHandler(asyncore.dispatcher): def __init__(self, sock, map=None, chunk_size=1024): self.logger = logging.getLogger('%s-%s' % (self.__class__.__name__, str(sock.getsockname()))) self.chunk_size = chunk_size asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self,sock,map) self.data_to_write = list() def readable(self): #self.logger.debug("readable() called.") return True def writable(self): response = (not self.connected) or len(self.data_to_write) #self.logger.debug('writable() -> %s data length -> %s' % (response, len(self.data_to_write))) return response def handle_write(self): data = self.data_to_write.pop() #self.logger.debug("handle_write()->%s size: %s",data.rstrip('rn'),len(data)) sent = self.send(data[:self.chunk_size]) if sent < len(data): remaining = data[sent:] self.data_to_write.append(remaining) def handle_read(self): self.writen_size = 0 nagios_perfdata = '../perfdata' head_packet_format = "!LL128s128sL" head_packet_size = struct.calcsize(head_packet_format) data = self.recv(head_packet_size) if not data: return filepath_len, filename_len, filepath,filename, filesize = struct.unpack(head_packet_format,data) filepath = os.path.join(nagios_perfdata, filepath[:filepath_len]) filename = filename[:filename_len] self.logger.debug("update file: %s" % filepath + '/' + filename) try: if not os.path.exists(filepath): os.makedirs(filepath) except OSError: pass self.fd = open(os.path.join(filepath,filename), 'w') #self.fd = open(filename,'w') if filesize > self.chunk_size: times = filesize / self.chunk_size first_part_size = times * self.chunk_size second_part_size = filesize % self.chunk_size while 1: try: data = self.recv(self.chunk_size) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if self.writen_size == first_part_size: break #receive the packet at last while 1: try: data = self.recv(second_part_size) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if len(data) == second_part_size: break elif filesize <= self.chunk_size: while 1: try: data = self.recv(filesize) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if len(data) == filesize: break self.logger.debug("File size: %s" % self.writen_size) class SyncServer(asyncore.dispatcher): def __init__(self,host,port): asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self) self.debug = True self.logger = logging.getLogger(self.__class__.__name__) self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) self.set_reuse_addr() self.bind((host,port)) self.listen(2000) def handle_accept(self): client_socket = self.accept() if client_socket is None: pass else: sock, addr = client_socket #self.logger.debug("Incoming connection from %s" % repr(addr)) handler = RequestHandler(sock=sock) class RunServer(threading.Thread): def __init__(self): super(RunServer,self).__init__() self.daemon = False def run(self): server = SyncServer('',9999) asyncore.loop(use_poll=True) def StartServer(): logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(name)s: %(message)s', ) RunServer().start() #MakeGraph().start() if __name__ == '__main__': StartServer()客戶端：
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 # monitor path with inotify(python module), and send them to remote server.# # use sendfile(2) instead of send function in socket, if we have python-sendfile installed.# import socket import time import os import sys import struct import threading import Queue try: import pyinotify except (ImportError, ImportWarnning): print "Hope this information can help you:" print "Can not find pyinotify module in sys path, just run [apt-get install python-pyinotify] in ubuntu." sys.exit(1) try: from sendfile import sendfile except (ImportError,ImportWarnning): pass filetype_filter = [".rrd",".xml"] def check_filetype(pathname): for suffix_name in filetype_filter: if pathname[-4:] == suffix_name: return True try: end_string = pathname.rsplit('.')[-1:][0] end_int = int(end_string) except: pass else: # means pathname endwith digit return False class sync_file(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, addr, events_queue): super(sync_file,self).__init__() self.daemon = False self.queue = events_queue self.addr = addr self.chunk_size = 1024 def run(self): while 1: event = self.queue.get() if check_filetype(event.pathname): print time.asctime(),event.maskname, event.pathname filepath = event.path.split('/')[-1:][0] filename = event.name filesize = os.stat(os.path.join(event.path, filename)).st_size sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) filepath_len = len(filepath) filename_len = len(filename) sock.connect(self.addr) offset = 0 data = struct.pack("!LL128s128sL",filepath_len, filename_len, filepath,filename,filesize) fd = open(event.pathname,'rb') sock.sendall(data) if "sendfile" in sys.modules: # print "use sendfile(2)" while 1: sent = sendfile(sock.fileno(), fd.fileno(), offset, self.chunk_size) if sent == 0: break offset += sent else: # print "use original send function" while 1: data = fd.read(self.chunk_size) if not data: break sock.send(data) sock.close() fd.close() class EventHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent): def __init__(self, events_queue): super(EventHandler,self).__init__() self.events_queue = events_queue def my_init(self): pass def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self,event): self.events_queue.put(event) def process_IN_MOVED_TO(self,event): self.events_queue.put(event) def start_notify(path, mask, sync_server): events_queue = Queue.Queue() sync_thread_pool = list() for i in range(500): sync_thread_pool.append(sync_file(sync_server, events_queue)) for i in sync_thread_pool: i.start() wm = pyinotify.WatchManager() notifier = pyinotify.Notifier(wm,EventHandler(events_queue)) wdd = wm.add_watch(path,mask,rec=True) notifier.loop() def do_notify(): perfdata_path = '/var/lib/pnp4nagios/perfdata' mask = pyinotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE|pyinotify.IN_MOVED_TO sync_server = ('127.0.0.1',9999) start_notify(perfdata_path,mask,sync_server) if __name__ == '__main__': do_notify()python監視線程池
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 #!/usr/bin/python import threading import time class Monitor(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, *args,**kwargs): super(Monitor,self).__init__() self.daemon = False self.args = args self.kwargs = kwargs self.pool_list = [] def run(self): print self.args print self.kwargs for name,value in self.kwargs.items(): obj = value[0] temp = {} temp[name] = obj self.pool_list.append(temp) while 1: print self.pool_list for name,value in self.kwargs.items(): obj = value[0] parameters = value[1:] died_threads = self.cal_died_thread(self.pool_list,name) print "died_threads", died_threads if died_threads >0: for i in range(died_threads): print "start %s thread..." % name t = obj[0].__class__(*parameters) t.start() self.add_to_pool_list(t,name) else: break time.sleep(0.5) def cal_died_thread(self,pool_list,name): i = 0 for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): if name == k: lists = v for t in lists: if not t.isAlive(): self.remove_from_pool_list(t) i +=1 return i def add_to_pool_list(self,obj,name): for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): if name == k: v.append(obj) def remove_from_pool_list(self, obj): for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): try: v.remove(obj) except: pass else: return使用方法：
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 rrds_queue = Queue.Queue() make_rrds_pool = [] for i in range(5): make_rrds_pool.append(MakeRrds(rrds_queue)) for i in make_rrds_pool: i.start() make_graph_pool = [] for i in range(5): make_graph_pool.append(MakeGraph(rrds_queue)) for i in make_graph_pool: i.start() monitor = Monitor(make_rrds_pool=(make_rrds_pool, rrds_queue), make_graph_pool=(make_graph_pool, rrds_queue)) monitor.start()解析：
1. 接受字典參數，value為一個元組，第一個元素是線程池，後面的都是參數。
2. 每0.5秒監視線程池中的線程數量，如果線程死掉了，記錄死掉線程的數目，再啟動同樣數量的線程。
3. 如果沒有線程死去，則什麼也不做。
從外部調用Django模塊
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 import os import sys sys.path.insert(0,'/data/cloud_manage') from django.core.management import setup_environ import settings setup_environ(settings) from common.monitor import Monitor from django.db import connection, transaction前提就是，要新建一個django的project，這裡我們新建了一個cloud_manage.
這樣不僅可以調用django自身的模塊，還能調用project本身的東西。
希望本文所述對大家的Python程序設計有所幫助。
