Hello everyone , I meet you again , I'm your friend, Quan Jun .
pip yes Python Package installer for . Actually ,pip Namely Python Standard library （The Python Standard Library） One of the bags in , It's just that this bag is special , It can be used to manage Python Standard library （The Python Standard Library） Other bags in the .pip Support from the PyPI, version control , Local projects and direct installation from distribution files .pip Is a command line program . install pip after , A... Will be added to the system pip command , This command can be run from the command prompt . at present ,pip yes The Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) The recommended Python Package management tools ！ Students who are good at English can go directly to the official website to see their User's Manual
PyPI（The Python Package Index,Python Package index ） yes Python Software repository for programming languages . Usually , We install all kinds of... From here Python My bag , You can also publish your own package on it . The Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) is a working group that maintains many of the relevant projects in Python packaging.
from Python 2 edition >=2.7.9 or Python 3 edition >=3.4 Start , The installation package on the official website already comes with pip, During installation, users can directly choose to install . Or if used by virtualenv perhaps pyvenv Created Virtual Environment, that pip It is also installed by default . If not during installation , Select install on pip, You can also install locally . for example , Use it directly get-pip.py Installation . First, download it from the official website get-pip.py, And then run directly python get-pip.py that will do .
More detailed installation , You can go directly to the official website for reference Installation instructions
After installation , Type on the command line ：pip+ enter , The following instructions will appear ：
Usage:
pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
list List installed packages.
show Show information about installed packages.
check Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
config Manage local and global configuration.
search Search PyPI for packages.
wheel Build wheels from your requirements.
hash Compute hashes of package archives.
completion A helper command used for command completion.
help Show help for commands.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:[email protected]]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort).
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored outputpip Command combination is flexible , Here are a few .
Type directly from the command line pip install + enter , be The following prompt appears ：ERROR: You must give at least one requirement to install (see "pip help install"). Then we type pip help install, Will appear pip install The instructions for the use of , as follows ：
Usage:
pip install [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
pip install [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
pip install [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
pip install [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
pip install [options] <archive url/path> ...
Description:
Install packages from:
- PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
- VCS project urls.
- Local project directories.
- Local or remote source archives.
pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide
an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed.
Install Options:
-r, --requirement <file> Install from the given requirements file. This option can be used multiple times.
-c, --constraint <file> Constrain versions using the given constraints file. This option can be used multiple times.
--no-deps Don't install package dependencies.
--pre Include pre-release and development versions. By default, pip only finds stable versions.
-e, --editable <path/url> Install a project in editable mode (i.e. setuptools "develop mode") from a local project path or a
VCS url.
-t, --target <dir> Install packages into <dir>. By default this will not replace existing files/folders in <dir>. Use
--upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> with new versions.
--platform <platform> Only use wheels compatible with <platform>. Defaults to the platform of the running system.
--python-version <python_version>
Only use wheels compatible with Python interpreter version <version>. If not specified, then the
current system interpreter minor version is used. A major version (e.g. '2') can be specified to
match all minor revs of that major version. A minor version (e.g. '34') can also be specified.
--implementation <implementation>
Only use wheels compatible with Python implementation <implementation>, e.g. 'pp', 'jy', 'cp', or
'ip'. If not specified, then the current interpreter implementation is used. Use 'py' to force
implementation-agnostic wheels.
--abi <abi> Only use wheels compatible with Python abi <abi>, e.g. 'pypy_41'. If not specified, then the
current interpreter abi tag is used. Generally you will need to specify --implementation,
--platform, and --python-version when using this option.
--user Install to the Python user install directory for your platform. Typically ~/.local/, or
%APPDATA%\Python on Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE for full details.)
--root <dir> Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.
--prefix <dir> Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level folders are placed
-b, --build <dir> Directory to unpack packages into and build in. Note that an initial build still takes place in a
temporary directory. The location of temporary directories can be controlled by setting the TMPDIR
environment variable (TEMP on Windows) appropriately. When passed, build directories are not
cleaned in case of failures.
--src <dir> Directory to check out editable projects into. The default in a virtualenv is "<venv path>/src".
The default for global installs is "<current dir>/src".
-U, --upgrade Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available version. The handling of dependencies
depends on the upgrade-strategy used.
--upgrade-strategy <upgrade_strategy>
Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled [default: only-if-needed]. "eager" -
dependencies are upgraded regardless of whether the currently installed version satisfies the
requirements of the upgraded package(s). "only-if-needed" - are upgraded only when they do not
satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s).
--force-reinstall Reinstall all packages even if they are already up-to-date.
-I, --ignore-installed Ignore the installed packages (reinstalling instead).
--ignore-requires-python Ignore the Requires-Python information.
--no-build-isolation Disable isolation when building a modern source distribution. Build dependencies specified by PEP
518 must be already installed if this option is used.
--install-option <options> Extra arguments to be supplied to the setup.py install command (use like --install-option="--
install-scripts=/usr/local/bin"). Use multiple --install-option options to pass multiple options
to setup.py install. If you are using an option with a directory path, be sure to use absolute
path.
--global-option <options> Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py call before the install command.
--compile Compile Python source files to bytecode
--no-compile Do not compile Python source files to bytecode
--no-warn-script-location Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH
--no-warn-conflicts Do not warn about broken dependencies
--no-binary <format_control>
Do not use binary packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and each time adds to the existing
value. Accepts either :all: to disable all binary packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or
more package names with commas between them. Note that some packages are tricky to compile and may
fail to install when this option is used on them.
--only-binary <format_control>
Do not use source packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and each time adds to the existing
value. Accepts either :all: to disable all source packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or
more package names with commas between them. Packages without binary distributions will fail to
install when this option is used on them.
--prefer-binary Prefer older binary packages over newer source packages.
--no-clean Don't clean up build directories.
--require-hashes Require a hash to check each requirement against, for repeatable installs. This option is implied
when any package in a requirements file has a --hash option.
--progress-bar <progress_bar>
Specify type of progress to be displayed [off|on|ascii|pretty|emoji] (default: on)
Package Index Options:
-i, --index-url <url> Base URL of Python Package Index (default https://pypi.org/simple). This should point to a
repository compliant with PEP 503 (the simple repository API) or a local directory laid out in the
same format.
--extra-index-url <url> Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to --index-url. Should follow the same rules as
--index-url.
--no-index Ignore package index (only looking at --find-links URLs instead).
-f, --find-links <url> If a url or path to an html file, then parse for links to archives. If a local path or file:// url
that's a directory, then look for archives in the directory listing.
--process-dependency-links Enable the processing of dependency links.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING,
ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:[email protected]]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort).
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in
PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download.
Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output A bunch of them up there , In conclusion , The installation command is ：pip install < Package name > or pip install -r requirements.txt（ For the local installation package, you can specify the path ）. The only thing that needs special explanation is , You can specify a version number to install , Examples are as follows ：
pip install SomePackage # The latest version
pip install SomePackage==1.0.4 # Specify the version
pip install 'SomePackage>=1.0.4' # Minimum version Uninstall the installation package command ：pip uninstall < Package name > or pip uninstall -r requirements.txt
pip install -U < Package name > or ：pip install < Package name > --upgrade
pip freeze View the installed package and version information . Export to the specified file . for example ,pip freeze > requirements.txt, The file name is optional ; You can also use pip install -r requirements.txt, The two are equivalent .
List currently installed packages . Use command pip list -o You can query the upgradeable packages .
Display the directory and information of the package , The format is ：pip show < Package name >. If you don't add the package name , Prompt ERROR: Please provide a package name or names..
Search package , The format is ：pip search < Search for keywords >. If you don't write keywords , Prompt ERROR: Missing required argument (search query)..
https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/user_guide/
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