Python從門到精通(七):網絡-01-與HTTP交互

本章會原生的庫實現簡單的Http調用，需要用到requests、urllib和http.client庫。

一、Get

import
requests


from
urllib
import
parse




url
=
'http://httpbin.org/get'


parms
= {


'name1' :
'value1',


'name2' :
'value2'

}




# Encode the query string


querystring
=
parse.
urlencode(
parms)




# Make a GET request and read the response


u
=
requests.
get(
url
+
'?'
+
querystring)




print(
u.
text)
#unicode編碼


print(
u.
json)
#json文本


print(
u.
content)
#二進制編碼


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import
requests


resp
=
requests.
get(
'http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=login',
auth
=(
'user',
'password'))


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import
requests


url
=
'http://pypi.python.org'


# First request


resp1
=
requests.
get(
url)


# Second requests with cookies received on first requests


resp2
=
requests.
get(
url,
cookies
=
resp1.
cookies)


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二、Post

import
requests




url
=
'http://httpbin.org/post'




# Dictionary of query parameters (if any)


parms
= {


'name1' :
'value1',


'name2' :
'value2'

}




# Extra headers


headers
= {


'User-agent' :
'none/ofyourbusiness',


'Spam' :
'Eggs'

}




resp
=
requests.
post(
url,
data
=
parms,
headers
=
headers)


text
=
resp.
text


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三、Head

resp
=
requests.
get(
'http://www.python.org')


status
=
resp.
status_code


x_timer
=
resp.
headers[
'X-Timer']


content_type
=
resp.
headers[
'Content-Type']


content_length
=
resp.
headers[
'Content-Length']


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四、FileUpload

import
requests


url
=
'http://httpbin.org/post'


file_list
= {
'file': (
'data.csv',
open(
'data.csv',
'rb'))}




r
=
requests.
post(
url,
files
=
file_list)


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五、HttpClient

from
http.
client
import
HTTPConnection




c
=
HTTPConnection(
'www.python.org',
80)


c.
request(
'HEAD',
'/index.html')


resp
=
c.
getresponse()




print(
f'Status is: {
resp.
status}
')


for
name,
value
in
resp.
getheaders():


print(
f'name is: {
name}
, value is: {
value}
')


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import
urllib.
request


auth
=
urllib.
request.
HTTPBasicAuthHandler()


auth.
add_password(
'pypi',
'http://pypi.python.org',
'username',
'password')


opener
=
urllib.
request.
build_opener(
auth)




r
=
urllib.
request.
Request(
'http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=login')


u
=
opener.
open(
r)


resp
=
u.
read()


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