Two 、Python Django Micro blogging
====================
Through simple operation , You can go to Django Implement a blog in application
2.1 Generate files with templates
Enter into In the directory created by the previous blog , Execute the following order .
django-admin startapp blog # You can also use the following command python manage.py startapp blog
After the command runs , The generated directory is as follows .
The relevant documents are as follows ：
blog # root directory __init__.py admin.py # Background management apps.py # Application settings related models.py # Model , Database correlation tests.py # Test related views.py # View related migrations # Database change record folder
I'm going to modify my_website In folder settings.py file , add to blog application , The specific code is as follows , The point is the last line .
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'blog', # This is very important ]
stay Django in , If you want to apply the model 、 Static files 、 Template these contents , Need to be in INSTALLED_APPS Add the corresponding application directory , If not set , Applications don't load .
2.2 Create article model and database structure
A blog includes a title , Content , Release time, etc , These are all in Django Create in , The core thing to change is models.py file .
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Blog(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(" title ", max_length=100)
content = models.TextField(" Content ")
creatr_time = models.DateField(" Release time ") This class is the model class , Implement a model class , Need to inherit from models.Model class , This class is used for data and Python Conversion operations between objects .
Next Blog Class reflects to sqlite3 In the database , At this stage, please focus on imitation , The following will complete the corresponding knowledge framework for you .
stay manage.py Run the following command in the same folder ：
python manage.py makemigrations blog
This command is used to check blog Changes to model files in , Because we created a Blog class , therefore models.py The document was modified , When executing the above command , Will output the following .
>python manage.py makemigrations blog Migrations for 'blog': blog\migrations\0001_initial.py - Create model Blog
The message is also Create model Blog, Prompt creates a Blog class , Next models.py Content in sqlite3 created , The command used is python manage.py migrate blog, The operation results are as follows ：
> python manage.py migrate blog Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: blog Running migrations: Applying blog.0001_initial... OK
2.3 Create a management background
Let's take a simple step to realize blog The management of the table ,Django It has its own user authentication system , Through the command python manage.py migrate That is to say .
> python manage.py migrate Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, blog, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
This command creates the database table structure of some columns , After the table structure appears , You also need to create a login account , The core command used is python manage.py createsuperuser.
> python manage.py createsuperuser Username (leave blank to use 'administrator'): xiangpica Email address: [email protected] Password: Password (again): The password is too similar to the username. Bypass password validation and create user anyway? [y/N]: y Superuser created successfully.
The preparations are complete , Yes admin.py File modification , Be careful admin.py The location of the file and the calling relationship between the modules .
from django.contrib import admin from blog.models import Blog # Register your models here. @admin.register(Blog) class BlogAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): pass
Before the official operation , Also need to modify the web page to show the content in Chinese and English , open setting.py file , Modify the following .
# LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
Preparatory work completed , The console runs the following command python manage.py runserver：
> python manage.py runserver Watching for file changes with StatReloader Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). March 24, 2021 - 22:22:33 Django version 3.1.7, using settings 'my_website.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
The default page opens , The content of the exhibition is as follows ：
Modify the access address to ：http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin, The login window appears , Use the account registered above to access .
Enter some information about the article and save it , Back to the list page , There is a small detail , The data in the orange box is a Blog object, Not the title of the article , Continue to modify the code .
modify modes.py file , The modification is as follows ：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Blog(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(" title ", max_length=100)
content = models.TextField(" Content ")
creatr_time = models.DateField(" Release time ")
def __str__(self):
return self.titleA small blog does , You can edit and delete articles .
