Reference manual download link :
https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/installation.html#install-cx-oracle
apt-get install alien
pip install cx_Oracle
There are three versions of the file :
Select the file corresponding to the operating system version by yourself :
This article chooses x64rpm File download :
https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html
# install rpm
alien -i oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
# install libaio1
apt-get install libaio1
Solve the problem successfully !