Oracle的Blob字段比較特殊,他比long字段的性能要好很多,可以用來保存例如圖片之類的二進制數據。
寫入Blob字段和寫入其它類型字段的方式非常不同,因為Blob自身有一個cursor,你必須使用cursor對blob進行操作,因而你在寫入Blob之前,必須獲得cursor才能進行寫入,那麼如何獲得Blob的cursor呢?
這需要你先插入一個empty的blob,這將創建一個blob的cursor,然後你再把這個empty的blob的cursor用select查詢出來,這樣通過兩步操作,你就獲得了blob的cursor,可以真正的寫入blob數據了。
看下面的JDBC的demo,把oraclejdbc.jar這個二進制文件寫入數據庫表javatest的content字段(這是一個blob型字段)
java代碼:
import java.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
import oracle.sql.*;
public class WriteBlob {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl","fankai","fankai");
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
BLOB blob = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob())");
pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.close();
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select content from javatest where name= ? for update");
pstmt.setString(1,"fankai");
ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery();
if (rset.next()) blob = (BLOB) rset.getBlob(1);
String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
File f = new File(fileName);
FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
System.out.println("file size = " + fin.available());
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("update javatest set content=? where name=?");
OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
int count = -1, total = 0;
byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
fin.read(data);
out.write(data);
/*
byte[] data = new byte[blob.getBufferSize()]; 另一種實現方法,節省內存
while ((count = fin.read(data)) != -1) {
total += count;
out.write(data, 0, count);
}
*/
fin.close();
out.close();
pstmt.setBlob(1,blob);
pstmt.setString(2,"fankai");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.close();
conn.commit();
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
仔細看上例,分三步:
1、插入空blob
into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob());
2、獲得blob的cursor
select content from javatest where name= ? for update;
注意!!!必須加for update,這將鎖定該行,直至該行被修改完畢,保證不產生並發沖突。
3、update javatest set content=? where name=
用cursor往數據庫寫數據
這裡面還有一點要提醒大家:
JDK1.3帶的JDBC2.0規范是不完善的,只有讀Blob的接口,而沒有寫Blob的接口,JDK1.4帶的JDBC3.0加入了寫Blob的接口。你可以使用JDBC3.0的接口,也可以直接使用Oracle的JDBC的API,我在上例中使用了Oracle的JDBC的API。
另外要注意的是:
java.sql.Blob
oracle.sql.BLOB
注意看blob的大小寫,是不一樣的。寫程序的時候不要搞混了。
下面看看用Hibernate怎麼寫,原理是一樣的,也要分三步,但是代碼簡單很多
這是Cat對象定義
java代碼:
package com.fankai;
import java.sql.Blob;
public class Cat {
private String id;
private String name;
private char sex;
private float weight;
private Blob image;
public Cat() { }
public String getId() { return id; }
public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public char getSex() { return sex; }
public void setSex(char sex) { this.sex = sex; }
public float getWeight() { return weight; }
public void setWeight(float weight) { this.weight = weight; }
public Blob getImage() { return image; }
public void setImage(Blob image) { this.image = image;}
}
這是Cat.hbm.xml
java代碼:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.fankai.Cat" table="cat">
<!--jcs-cache usage="read-only"/-->
<id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
<generator class="uuid.hex"/>
</id>
<property name="name" length="16" not-null="true"/>
<property name="sex" length="1" not-null="true"/>
<property name="weight" />
<property name="image" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
下面是完整的用Hibernate寫入Blob的例子,相比JDBC,已經簡單輕松多了,也不用寫那些Oracle特殊的sql了:
java代碼:
package com.fankai;
import java.sql.Blob;
import net.sf.hibernate.*;
import oracle.sql.*;
import java.io.*;
public class TestCatHibernate {
public static void testBlob() {
Session s = null;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1];
buffer[0] = 1;
try {
SessionFactory sf = HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();
s = sf.openSession();
Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();
Cat c = new Cat();
c.setName("Robbin");
c.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(buffer));
s.save(c);
s.flush();
s.refresh(c, LockMode.UPGRADE);
BLOB blob = (BLOB) c.getImage();
OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar";
File f = new File(fileName);
FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
int count = -1, total = 0;
byte[] data = new byte[(int)fin.available()];
fin.read(data);
out.write(data);
fin.close();
out.close();
s.flush();
tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} finally {
if (s != null)
try {
s.close();
} catch (Exception e) {}
}
}
}