在上一篇文章中,使用單表策略將一個表從邏輯上分成了多個表。但這樣可能會造成空巢字段,也就是說,一個邏輯表只由部分字段組成,而物理的表的很多字段的值就會為null。為了解決這個問題,可以將t_accounts表物理地分成多個表。為了與t_accounts表進行對比,新建一個t_myaccounts表,結構如圖1所示。
從t_myaccounts的結構可以看出,在該表中只包含了t_accounts表的前三個字段,而後兩個在邏輯上分到了不同的表,因此,首先要建立兩個物理表:t_checkingaccount和t_savingsaccount。這兩個表的結構如下:
在t_checkingaccount和t_savingsaccount表中都有一個account_id,這個account_id的值依賴於t_myaccounts表中的account_id。
下面先來編寫與t_myaccounts對應的實體Bean,代碼如下:
- package entity;
- import Javax.persistence.Column;
- import Javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
- import Javax.persistence.Entity;
- import Javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
- import Javax.persistence.GenerationType;
- import Javax.persistence.Id;
- import Javax.persistence.Inheritance;
- import Javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
- import Javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_myaccounts")
- @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
- public class Account
- {
- protected String id;
- protected float balance;
- protected String type;
- @Id
- @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
- @Column(name="account_id")
- public String getId()
- {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(String id)
- {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public float getBalance()
- {
- return balance;
- }
- public void setBalance(float balance)
- {
- this.balance = balance;
- }
- @Column(name="account_type")
- public String getType()
- {
- return type;
- }
- public void setType(String type)
- {
- this.type = type;
- }
- }
從上面的代碼可以看出,只使用了@Inheritance對實體Bean進行注釋。
下面編寫MyCheckingAccount和MySavingsAccount類的代碼:
MyCheckingAccount類的代碼:
- package entity;
- import Javax.persistence.Column;
- import Javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
- import Javax.persistence.Entity;
- import Javax.persistence.Id;
- import Javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
- import Javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_checkingaccount")
- // 指定與Account類共享的主鍵名
- @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="account_id")
- public class MyCheckingAccount extends Account
- {
- private double overdraftLimit;
- public MyCheckingAccount()
- {
- // 為account_type字段賦默認值
- setType("C");
- }
- @Column(name="overdraft_limit")
- public double getOverdraftLimit()
- {
- return overdraftLimit;
- }
- public void setOverdraftLimit(double overdraftLimit)
- {
- this.overdraftLimit = overdraftLimit;
- }
- }
MySavingsAccount類的代碼:
- package entity;
- import Javax.persistence.Column;
- import Javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
- import Javax.persistence.Entity;
- import Javax.persistence.Id;
- import Javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
- import Javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_savingsaccount")
- @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="account_id")
- public class MySavingsAccount extends Account
- {
- private double interestRate;
- public MySavingsAccount()
- {
- // 為account_type字段賦默認值
- setType("S");
- }
- @Column(name="interest_rate")
- public double getInterestRate()
- {
- return interestRate;
- }
- public void setInterestRate(double interestRate)
- {
- this.interestRate = interestRate;
- }
- }
在上面的代碼中使用構造方法來初始化了t_myaccounts表的account_type字段的值。
可以使用下面的代碼進行測試:
- System.out.println(((MyCheckingAccount)em.createQuery("from MyCheckingAccount where id=12")
- .getSingleResult()).getBalance());
- MyCheckingAccount ca = new MyCheckingAccount();
- ca.setBalance(342);
- ca.setOverdraftLimit(120);
- em.persist(ca);
- MySavingsAccount sa = new MySavingsAccount();
- sa.setBalance(200);
- sa.setInterestRate(321);
- em.persist(sa);