1、實現功能
向關注了微信公眾號的微信用戶群發消息。（可以是所有的用戶，也可以是提供了微信openid的微信用戶集合）
2、基本步驟
前提：
已經有認證的公眾號或者測試公眾賬號
發送消息步驟：
相關微信接口的信息可以查看：http://www.cnblogs.com/0201zcr/p/5866296.html 有測試賬號的申請 + 獲取access_token和發送微信消息的url和相關的參數需求。各個參數的意義等。
3、實踐
這裡通過HttpClient發送請求去微信相關的接口。
1）maven依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1</version>
</dependency>
2）httpClient使用方法
使用HttpClient發送請求、接收響應很簡單，一般需要如下幾步即可。
3）實例
1、發送請求的類
import com.alibaba.druid.support.json.JSONUtils;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.Log;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.LogFactory;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.seewo.core.util.json.JsonUtils;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.HashedMap;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnRoutePNames;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import javax.security.cert.CertificateException;
import javax.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by zhengcanrui on 16/9/20.
*/
public class WechatAPIHander {
/**
* 獲取token接口
*/
private String getTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}";
/**
* 拉微信用戶信息接口
*/
private String getUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token={0}&openid={1}";
/**
* 主動推送信息接口(群發)
*/
private String sendMsgUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/sendall?access_token={0}";
private HttpClient webClient;
private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
public void initWebClient(String proxyHost, int proxyPort){
this.initWebClient();
if(webClient != null && !StringUtils.isEmpty(proxyHost)){
HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(proxyHost, proxyPort);
webClient.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy);
}
}
/**
* @desc 初始化創建 WebClient
*/
public void initWebClient() {
log.info("initWebClient start....");
try {
PoolingClientConnectionManager tcm = new PoolingClientConnectionManager();
tcm.setMaxTotal(10);
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[0];
}
};
ctx.init(null, new X509TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", 443, ssf);
tcm.getSchemeRegistry().register(sch);
webClient = new DefaultHttpClient(tcm);
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.error("initWebClient exception", ex);
} finally {
log.info("initWebClient end....");
}
}
/**
* @desc 獲取授權token
* @param appid
* @param secret
* @return
*/
public String getAccessToken(String appid, String secret) {
String accessToken = null;
try {
log.info("getAccessToken start.{appid=" + appid + ",secret:" + secret + "}");
String url = MessageFormat.format(this.getTokenUrl, appid, secret);
String response = executeHttpGet(url);
Map map = JsonUtils.jsonToMap(response);
accessToken = (String) map.get("access_token");
/* Object Object = JSONUtils.parse(response);
accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");*/
// accessToken = JsonUtils.read(response, "access_token");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("get access toekn exception", e);
}
return accessToken;
}
/**
* @desc 推送信息
* @param token
* @param msg
* @return
*/
public String sendMessage(String token,String msg){
try{
log.info("\n\nsendMessage start.token:"+token+",msg:"+msg);
String url = MessageFormat.format(this.sendMsgUrl, token);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
//這裡必須是一個合法的json格式數據,每個字段的意義可以查看上面連接的說明,content後面的test是要發送給用戶的數據,這裡是群發給所有人
msg = "{\"filter\":{\"is_to_all\":true},\"text\":{\"content\":\"test\"},\"msgtype\":\"text\"}\"";
//設置發送消息的參數
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(msg);
//解決中文亂碼的問題
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
post.setEntity(entity);
//發送請求
String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(post, responseHandler);
log.info("return response=====start======");
log.info(response);
log.info("return response=====end======");
return response;
}catch (Exception e) {
log.error("get user info exception", e);
return null;
}
}
/**
* @desc 發起HTTP GET請求返回數據
* @param url
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws ClientProtocolException
*/
private String executeHttpGet(String url) throws IOException, ClientProtocolException {
ResponseHandler<?> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(new HttpGet(url), responseHandler);
log.info("return response=====start======");
log.info(response);
log.info("return response=====end======");
return response;
}
}
2、Controller和Service層調用
@RequestMapping(value = "/testHttpClient", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public DataMap test() {
WechatAPIHander wechatAPIHander = new WechatAPIHander();
//獲取access_token
//第一個參數是你appid，第二個參數是你的秘鑰，需要根據你的具體情況換
String accessToken = wechatAPIHander.getAccessToken("appid","scerpt");
//發送消息
wechatAPIHander.sendMessage(accessToken, "測試數據");
return new DataMap().addAttribute("DATA",accessToken);
}
3、結果
假如你關注了微信公眾號中看到你剛剛發送的test消息。
HttpClient學習文檔：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1miO1eOg
致謝：感謝您的閱讀
