PHP建圖通常都用GD庫,因為是內置的不需要在服務器上額外安裝插件,所以用起來比較省心,但是如果你的程序主要的功能就是處理圖像,那麼就不建議用GD了,因為GD不但低效能而且能力也比較弱,佔用的系統資源也頗多,另外GD的creatfrom也有bug,而imagick卻是一個很好的替代品,為此最近把我的一個項目由GD改成了imagick,但是改完之後出現了一些狀況在此分享給大家.
首先說一下我這邊出現的狀況:
狀況一:需要重寫圖像操作class
狀況二:imagick多線程時會導致cpu使用率暴增到100%
在此順便提一下imagick在centos6.4的安裝方法:
1、安裝ImageMagick
復制代碼 代碼如下:
wget http://soft.vpser.net/web/imagemagick/ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.7.1-2/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/imagemagick --disable-openmp
make && make install
ldconfig
測試ImageMagick是否可以正常運行：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version
2、安裝PHP擴展：imagick
復制代碼 代碼如下:
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz
tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz
cd imagick-3.0.1/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/imagemagick
make && make install
ldconfig
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
添加：extension = "imagick.so"
重啟lnmp
復制代碼 代碼如下:
/root/lnmp reload
接下來我們針對上述兩個狀況分別提出解決辦法:
狀況一的解決辦法如下:
復制代碼 代碼如下:
/**
Imagick圖像處理類
用法:
//引入Imagick物件
if(!defined('CLASS_IMAGICK')){require(Inc.'class_imagick.php');}
$Imagick=new class_imagick();
$Imagick->open('a.gif');
$Imagick->resize_to(100,100,'scale_fill');
$Imagick->add_text('1024i.com',10,20);
$Imagick->add_watermark('1024i.gif',10,50);
$Imagick->save_to('x.gif');
unset($Imagick);
/**/
define('CLASS_IMAGICK',TRUE);
class class_imagick{
private $image=null;
private $type=null;
// 構造
public function __construct(){}
// 析構
public function __destruct(){
if($this->image!==null){$this->image->destroy();}
}
// 載入圖像
public function open($path){
if(!file_exists($path)){
$this->image=null;
return ;
}
$this->image=new Imagick($path);
if($this->image){
$this->type=strtolower($this->image->getImageFormat());
}
$this->image->stripImage();
return $this->image;
}
/**
圖像裁切
/**/
public function crop($x=0,$y=0,$width=null,$height=null){
if($width==null) $width=$this->image->getImageWidth()-$x;
if($height==null) $height=$this->image->getImageHeight()-$y;
if($width<=0 || $height<=0) return;
if($this->type=='gif'){
$image=$this->image;
$canvas=new Imagick();
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
foreach($images as $frame){
$img=new Imagick();
$img->readImageBlob($frame);
$img->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
$canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
}else{
$this->image->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
}
}
/**
更改圖像大小
參數:
$width:新的寬度
$height:新的高度
$fit: 適應大小
'force': 把圖像強制改為$width X $height
'scale': 按比例在$width X $height內縮放圖片,結果不完全等於$width X $height
'scale_fill':按比例在$width X $height內縮放圖片,沒有像素的地方填充顏色$fill_color=array(255,255,255)(紅,綠,藍,透明度[0不透明-127全透明])
其他:智能模式,縮放圖片並從正中裁切$width X $height的大小
注意:
$fit='force','scale','scale_fill'時輸出完整圖像
$fit=圖像方位時輸出指定位置部份的圖像
字母與圖像的對應關系如下:
north_west north north_east
west center east
south_west south south_east
/**/
public function resize_to($width=100,$height=100,$fit='center',$fill_color=array(255,255,255,0)){
switch($fit){
case 'force':
if($this->type=='gif'){
$image=$this->image;
$canvas=new Imagick();
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
foreach($images as $frame){
$img=new Imagick();
$img->readImageBlob($frame);
$img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
}else{
$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
}
break;
case 'scale':
if($this->type=='gif'){
$image=$this->image;
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
$canvas=new Imagick();
foreach($images as $frame){
$img=new Imagick();
$img->readImageBlob($frame);
$img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
}else{
$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
}
break;
case 'scale_fill':
$size=$this->image->getImagePage();
$src_width=$size['width'];
$src_height=$size['height'];
$x=0;
$y=0;
$dst_width=$width;
$dst_height=$height;
if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
$dst_height=intval($width*$src_height/$src_width);
$y=intval(($height-$dst_height)/2);
}else{
$dst_width=intval($height*$src_width/$src_height);
$x=intval(($width-$dst_width)/2);
}
$image=$this->image;
$canvas=new Imagick();
$color='rgba('.$fill_color[0].','.$fill_color[1].','.$fill_color[2].','.$fill_color[3].')';
if($this->type=='gif'){
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
foreach($images as $frame){
$frame->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
$draw=new ImagickDraw();
$draw->composite($frame->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$frame);
$img=new Imagick();
$img->newImage($width,$height,$color,'gif');
$img->drawImage($draw);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
$canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
}
}else{
$image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
$draw=new ImagickDraw();
$draw->composite($image->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$image);
$canvas->newImage($width,$height,$color,$this->get_type());
$canvas->drawImage($draw);
$canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
break;
default:
$size=$this->image->getImagePage();
$src_width=$size['width'];
$src_height=$size['height'];
$crop_x=0;
$crop_y=0;
$crop_w=$src_width;
$crop_h=$src_height;
if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
$crop_w=intval($src_height*$width/$height);
}else{
$crop_h=intval($src_width*$height/$width);
}
switch($fit){
case 'north_west':
$crop_x=0;
$crop_y=0;
break;
case 'north':
$crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
$crop_y=0;
break;
case 'north_east':
$crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
$crop_y=0;
break;
case 'west':
$crop_x=0;
$crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
break;
case 'center':
$crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
$crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
break;
case 'east':
$crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
$crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
break;
case 'south_west':
$crop_x=0;
$crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
break;
case 'south':
$crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
$crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
break;
case 'south_east':
$crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
$crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
break;
default:
$crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
$crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
}
$image=$this->image;
$canvas=new Imagick();
if($this->type=='gif'){
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
foreach($images as $frame){
$img=new Imagick();
$img->readImageBlob($frame);
$img->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
$img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
$canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
}
}else{
$image->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
$image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
$canvas->addImage($image);
$canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
}
}
/**
添加圖片水印
參數:
$path:水印圖片(包含完整路徑)
$x,$y:水印座標
/**/
public function add_watermark($path,$x=0,$y=0){
$watermark=new Imagick($path);
$draw=new ImagickDraw();
$draw->composite($watermark->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$watermark->getImageWidth(),$watermark->getimageheight(),$watermark);
if($this->type=='gif'){
$image=$this->image;
$canvas=new Imagick();
$images=$image->coalesceImages();
foreach($image as $frame){
$img=new Imagick();
$img->readImageBlob($frame);
$img->drawImage($draw);
$canvas->addImage($img);
$canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
}
$image->destroy();
$this->image=$canvas;
}else{
$this->image->drawImage($draw);
}
}
/**
添加文字水印
參數:
$text:水印文字
$x,$y:水印座標
/**/
public function add_text($text,$x=0,$y=0,$angle=0,$style=array()){
$draw=new ImagickDraw();
if(isset($style['font'])) $draw->setFont($style['font']);
if(isset($style['font_size'])) $draw->setFontSize($style['font_size']);
if(isset($style['fill_color'])) $draw->setFillColor($style['fill_color']);
if(isset($style['under_color'])) $draw->setTextUnderColor($style['under_color']);
if($this->type=='gif'){
foreach($this->image as $frame){
$frame->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
}
}else{
$this->image->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
}
}
/**
圖片存檔
參數:
$path:存檔的位置和新的檔案名
/**/
public function save_to($path){
$this->image->stripImage();
switch($this->type){
case 'gif':
$this->image->writeImages($path,true);
return ;
case 'jpg':
case 'jpeg':
$this->image->setImageCompressionQuality($_ENV['ImgQ']);
$this->image->writeImage($path);
return ;
case 'png':
$flag = $this->image->getImageAlphaChannel();
// 如果png背景不透明則壓縮
if(imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_UNDEFINED == $flag or imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_DEACTIVATE == $flag){
$this->image->setImageType(imagick::IMGTYPE_PALETTE);
$this->image->writeImage($path);
}else{
$this->image->writeImage($path);
}unset($flag);
return ;
default:
$this->image->writeImage($path);
return ;
}
}
// 直接輸出圖像到螢幕
public function output($header=true){
if($header) header('Content-type: '.$this->type);
echo $this->image->getImagesBlob();
}
/**
建立縮小圖
$fit為真時,將保持比例並在$width X $height內產生縮小圖
/**/
public function thumbnail($width=100,$height=100,$fit=true){$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,$fit);}
/**
給圖像添加邊框
$width: 左右邊框寬度
$height: 上下邊框寬度
$color: 顏色
/**/
public function border($width,$height,$color='rgb(220,220,220)'){
$color=new ImagickPixel();
$color->setColor($color);
$this->image->borderImage($color,$width,$height);
}
//取得圖像寬度
public function get_width(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['width'];}
//取得圖像高度
public function get_height(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['height'];}
// 設置圖像類型
public function set_type($type='png'){$this->type=$type;$this->image->setImageFormat($type);}
// 取得圖像類型
public function get_type(){return $this->type;}
public function blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->blurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 模糊
public function gaussian_blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->gaussianBlurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 高斯模糊
public function motion_blur($radius,$sigma,$angle){$this->image->motionBlurImage($radius,$sigma,$angle);} // 運動模糊
public function radial_blur($radius){$this->image->radialBlurImage($radius);} // 徑向模糊
public function add_noise($type=null){$this->image->addNoiseImage($type==null?imagick::NOISE_IMPULSE:$type);} // 添加噪點
public function level($black_point,$gamma,$white_point){$this->image->levelImage($black_point,$gamma,$white_point);} // 調整色階
public function modulate($brightness,$saturation,$hue){$this->image->modulateImage($brightness,$saturation,$hue);} // 調整亮度,飽和度,色調
public function charcoal($radius,$sigma){$this->image->charcoalImage($radius,$sigma);} // 素描效果
public function oil_paint($radius){$this->image->oilPaintImage($radius);} // 油畫效果
public function flop(){$this->image->flopImage();} // 水平翻轉
public function flip(){$this->image->flipImage();} // 垂直翻轉
}
狀況二的解決辦法如下:
首先用/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version指令查看一下輸出內容是否已經開啟了多線程,Features:的值為空說明是單線程,如果Features:的值是openMP說明是多線程.imagick的多線程模式有一個bug,他會導致多核心的cpu使用率瞬間飆升到100所以一定要使用它的單線程模式才行.
復制代碼 代碼如下:
Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features:
上邊是我配置正確時顯示的結果,如果沒有配置正確會顯示下邊的結果
復制代碼 代碼如下:
Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: openMP
第一種結果是單線程模式,第二種結果是多線程模式,因為imagick的多線程模式有bug,所以如果您剛開始是用多線程模式安裝的imagick那就必須要yum remove imagemagick將其卸載掉重新安裝才行.
經過重寫class,重裝imagick之後一切正常,而且處理圖像的效能比之以前有了大幅提升
