今天回顧學習了PHP中變量實現的方法,在浏覽其源碼是發現在PHP中所有的數據類型通過一個union存儲。php語言是弱類型語言,其實現中通過記錄變量的類型和值來實現其管理。
PHP中使用最多的非Array莫屬了,那Array是如何實現的?在PHP內部Array通過一個hashtable來實現,其中使用鏈接法解決hash沖突的問題,這樣最壞情況下,查找Array元素的復雜度為O(N),最好則為1.
而其計算字符串hash值的方法如下,將源碼摘出來以供查備:
static inline ulong zend_inline_hash_func(const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength) { register ulong hash = 5381; //此處初始值的設置有什麼玄機麼? /* variant with the hash unrolled eight times */ for (; nKeyLength >= 8; nKeyLength -= 8) { //這種step=8的方式是為何? hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; //比直接*33要快 hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; } switch (nKeyLength) { case 7: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ //此處是將剩余的字符hash case 6: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ case 5: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ case 4: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ case 3: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ case 2: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; /* fallthrough... */ case 1: hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *arKey++; break; case 0: break; EMPTY_SWITCH_DEFAULT_CASE() } return hash;//返回hash值 }
ps:對於以下函數,仍有兩點不明: