好多情況下數據庫默認值都有null,但是經過程序處理很多時候會出現,數據庫值為空而不是null的情況。此時創建唯一索引時要注意了,此時數據庫會把空作為多個重復值,而創建索引失敗,示例如下:
步驟1:
mysql> select phone ,count(1) from User group by phone;
+-----------------+----------+
| phone | count(1) |
+-----------------+----------+
| NULL | 70 |
| | 40 |
| +86-13390889711 | 1 |
| +86-13405053385 | 1 |
步驟一中發現數據庫中有70條null數據,有40條為空的數據。
步驟2:
mysql> select count(1) from User where phone is null;
+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
| 70 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
經2再次驗證數據庫中null和空不一樣的兩個值。
步驟3:
mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '' for key 'uk_phone'
此時創建索引提示‘ '為一個重復的屬性。
步驟4:將所有的空值改成null
mysql> update User set phone = NULL where phone = '';
Query OK, 40 rows affected (0.11 sec)
Rows matched: 40 Changed: 40 Warnings: 0
步驟5:再次創建唯一索引
mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.34 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
創建成功,OK了