最近用sysbench進行了較多的性能測試，也總結一下它的特點和用法和需要注意的事項。sysbench是一個多線程性能測試工具，可以進行CPU/內存/IO/數據庫等性能測試。不過我絕大多數的時候都是用它來對數據庫(MySQL)進行oltp測試。它能測哪些東西，怎麼測讓我從它的命令幫助來回答。
~/zbs$ sysbench --help
Missing required command argument.
Usage:
sysbench [general-options]... --test=<test-name> [test-options]... command
上面就大概的用法，--test=指定我們需要測什麼類型，那麼--test有哪幾種類型呢？fileio/cpu/memory/threads/mutex，不好意思前面這幾個我都沒測過，我主要是用它來測數據庫的性能，但為什麼沒有數據庫這個選項呢，這是我是用了最新的版本0.5，它與0.4的版本最大區別在於支持多表測試，執行實時打印統計信息，支持自定義lua腳本來設置測試行為。
Compiled-in tests:
fileio - File I/O test
cpu - CPU performance test
memory - Memory functions speed test
threads - Threads subsystem performance test
mutex - Mutex performance test
如果你用sysbench0.4大概會看到如下，請注意oltp這個選項就是測數據庫用的。
Compiled-in tests:
fileio - File I/O test
cpu - CPU performance test
memory - Memory functions speed test
threads - Threads subsystem performance test
mutex - Mutex performance test
oltp - OLTP test
看完了測試模式之後，那麼它有一些什麼主要的其他控制參數呢？首先說這個每個測試模式自己特有的參數怎麼擦看 sysbench --test=<test-mode> help，比如我這裡（請注意，由於sysbench0.5的--test選項對數據庫的測試不再使用oltp這個選項而是通過指定lua腳本，因此利用前面這個命令查看不到下面的結果，所以如果要查看還是通過0.4的吧，如果誰找到了方式在0.5版本裡查看oltp的參數也請告訴一下。另外雖然0.5與0.4版本不同但是參數還是基本上保持兼容的）：
~$ sysbench --test=oltp help
sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
oltp options:
--oltp-test-mode=STRING test type to use {simple,complex,nontrx,sp} [complex]
--oltp-reconnect-mode=STRING reconnect mode {session,transaction,query,random} [session]
--oltp-sp-name=STRING name of store procedure to call in SP test mode []
--oltp-read-only=[on|off] generate only 'read' queries (do not modify database) [off]
--oltp-skip-trx=[on|off] skip BEGIN/COMMIT statements [off]
--oltp-range-size=N range size for range queries [100]
--oltp-point-selects=N number of point selects [10]
--oltp-simple-ranges=N number of simple ranges [1]
--oltp-sum-ranges=N number of sum ranges [1]
--oltp-order-ranges=N number of ordered ranges [1]
--oltp-distinct-ranges=N number of distinct ranges [1]
--oltp-index-updates=N number of index update [1]
--oltp-non-index-updates=N number of non-index updates [1]
--oltp-nontrx-mode=STRING mode for non-transactional test {select, update_key, update_nokey, insert, delete} [select]
--oltp-auto-inc=[on|off] whether AUTO_INCREMENT (or equivalent) should be used on id column [on]
--oltp-connect-delay=N time in microseconds to sleep after connection to database [10000]
--oltp-user-delay-min=N minimum time in microseconds to sleep after each request [0]
--oltp-user-delay-max=N maximum time in microseconds to sleep after each request [0]
--oltp-table-name=STRING name of test table [sbtest]
--oltp-table-size=N number of records in test table [10000]
--oltp-dist-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special} [special]
--oltp-dist-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]
--oltp-dist-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1]
--oltp-dist-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75]
General database options:
--db-driver=STRING specifies database driver to use ('help' to get list of available drivers)
--db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto]
Compiled-in database drivers:
mysql - MySQL driver
mysql options:
--mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost]
--mysql-port=N MySQL server port [3306]
--mysql-socket=STRING MySQL socket
--mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest]
--mysql-password=STRING MySQL password []
--mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest]
--mysql-table-engine=STRING storage engine to use for the test table {myisam,innodb,bdb,heap,ndbcluster,federated} [innodb]
--mysql-engine-trx=STRING whether storage engine used is transactional or not {yes,no,auto} [auto]
--mysql-ssl=[on|off] use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off]
--myisam-max-rows=N max-rows parameter for MyISAM tables [1000000]
--mysql-create-options=STRING additional options passed to CREATE TABLE []
上面有這麼多參數，相信都能基本看懂吧，我等下舉例的時候會講到裡面的參數代表什麼含義。然後知道怎麼查看具體某個測試模式的用法之後再來看general-options，通用參數，下面看看0.5的參數（相對0.4的增加了不少，有些參數的名稱也變了，怎麼辨別---對某個參數解釋一模一樣）：
General options:
--num-threads=N number of threads to use [1]
--max-requests=N limit for total number of requests [10000]
--max-time=N limit for total execution time in seconds [0]
--forced-shutdown=STRING amount of time to wait after --max-time before forcing shutdown [off]
--thread-stack-size=SIZE size of stack per thread [64K]
--tx-rate=N target transaction rate (tps) [0]
--report-interval=N periodically report intermediate statistics with a specified interval in seconds. 0 disables intermediate reports [0]
--report-checkpoints=[LIST,...]dump full statistics and reset all counters at specified points in time. The argument is a list of comma-separated values representing the amount of time in seconds elapsed from start of test when report checkpoint(s) must be performed. Report checkpoints are off by default. []
--test=STRING test to run
--debug=[on|off] print more debugging info [off]
--validate=[on|off] perform validation checks where possible [off]
--help=[on|off] print help and exit
--version=[on|off] print version and exit [off]
--rand-init=[on|off] initialize random number generator [off]
--rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special]
--rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]
--rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1]
--rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75]
--rand-seed=N seed for random number generator, ignored when 0 [0]
--rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distibution [0.2]
