MySQL 命令行添加用戶

創建用戶:

命令:

CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

說明:username – 你將創建的用戶名, host – 指定該用戶在哪個主機上可以登陸,如果是本地用戶可用localhost, 如果想讓該用戶可以從任意遠程主機登陸,可以使用通配符%. password – 該用戶的登陸密碼,密碼可以為空,如果為空則該用戶可以不需要密碼登陸服務器.

例子:

CREATE USER 'dog'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'192.168.1.101_' IDENDIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%';

授權:

命令:

GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host'

說明: privileges – 用戶的操作權限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(詳細列表見該文最後面).如果要授予所的權限則使用ALL.;databasename – 數據庫名,tablename-表名,如果要授予該用戶對所有數據庫和表的相應操作權限則可用*表示, 如*.*.
例子:

GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%';

注意:用以上命令授權的用戶不能給其它用戶授權,如果想讓該用戶可以授權,用以下命令:

GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION;

設置與更改用戶密碼

命令:

SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword');

如果是當前登陸用戶用

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");

例子:

SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456");

h2. 撤銷用戶權限

命令:

REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host';

說明: privilege, databasename, tablename – 同授權部分.
例子:

REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%';

注意: 假如你在給用戶’pig’@'%’授權的時候是這樣的(或類似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO ‘pig’@'%’, 則在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM ‘pig’@'%’;命令並不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授權使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO ‘pig’@'%’;則REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM ‘pig’@'%’;命令也不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的Select 權限.

具體信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR ‘pig’@'%’; 查看.

刪除用戶

命令: DROP USER ‘username’@'host’;

一個典型的數據庫建表, 建用戶過程:

創建用於localhost連接的用戶並指定密碼
mysql> create user 'pcom'@'localhost' identified by 'aaa7B2249';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

創建數據庫
mysql> create database pcom default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

給本地用戶授權, 這裡不需要指定密碼
mysql> grant all on pcom.* to 'pcom'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

給其他IP地址下的用戶授權, 注意: 這裡必須指定密碼, 否則就可以無密碼訪問
mysql> grant all on pcom.* to 'pcom'@'192.168.0.0/255.255.0.0' identified by 'aaa7B2249';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

同理
mysql> grant all on pcom.* to 'pcom'@'172.20.0.0/255.255.0.0' identified by 'aaa7B2249';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Done!

附表:在MySQL中的操作權限

ALTER
Allows use of ALTER TABLE.

ALTER ROUTINE
Alters or drops stored routines.

CREATE
Allows use of CREATE TABLE.

CREATE ROUTINE
Creates stored routines.

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE
Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.

CREATE USER
Allows use of CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES.

CREATE VIEW
Allows use of CREATE VIEW.

DELETE
Allows use of DELETE.

DROP
Allows use of DROP TABLE.

EXECUTE
Allows the user to run stored routines.

FILE
Allows use of SELECT… INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE.

INDEX
Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX.

INSERT
Allows use of INSERT.

LOCK TABLES
Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.

PROCESS
Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST.

RELOAD
Allows use of FLUSH.

REPLICATION
Allows the user to ask where slave or master

CLIENT
servers are.

REPLICATION SLAVE
Needed for replication slaves.

SELECT
Allows use of SELECT.

SHOW DATABASES
Allows use of SHOW DATABASES.

SHOW VIEW
Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW.

SHUTDOWN
Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown.

SUPER
Allows use of CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.

UPDATE
Allows use of UPDATE.

USAGE
Allows connection without any specific privileges.