簡單的說,就是一組SQL語句集,功能強大,可以實現一些比較復雜的邏輯功能,類似於JAVA語言中的方法;
ps:存儲過程跟觸發器有點類似,都是一組SQL集,但是存儲過程是主動調用的,且功能比觸發器更加強大,觸發器是某件事觸發後自動調用;
有輸入輸出參數,可以聲明變量,有if/else, case,while等控制語句,通過編寫存儲過程,可以實現復雜的邏輯功能;
函數的普遍特性:模塊化,封裝,代碼復用;
速度快,只有首次執行需經過編譯和優化步驟,後續被調用可以直接執行,省去以上步驟;
存儲過程proc_adder功能很簡單,兩個整型輸入參數a和b,一個整型輸出參數sum,功能就是計算輸入參數a和b的結果,賦值給輸出參數sum;
幾點說明:
DELIMITER ;;:之前說過了,把默認的輸入的結束符;替換成;;。
DEFINER:創建者;
-- ---------------------------- -- Procedure structure for `proc_adder` -- ---------------------------- DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `proc_adder`; DELIMITER ;; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `proc_adder`(IN a int, IN b int, OUT sum int) BEGIN #Routine body goes here... DECLARE c int; if a is null then set a = 0; end if; if b is null then set b = 0; end if;
set sum = a + b; END ;; DELIMITER ;
執行以上存儲結果,驗證是否正確,如下圖,結果OK:
set @b=5; call proc_adder(2,@b,@s); select @s as sum;
IF語句:
-- ---------------------------- -- Procedure structure for `proc_if` -- ---------------------------- DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `proc_if`; DELIMITER ;; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `proc_if`(IN type int) BEGIN #Routine body goes here... DECLARE c varchar(500); IF type = 0 THEN set c = 'param is 0'; ELSEIF type = 1 THEN set c = 'param is 1'; ELSE set c = 'param is others, not 0 or 1'; END IF; select c; END ;; DELIMITER ;
CASE語句:
-- ---------------------------- -- Procedure structure for `proc_case` -- ---------------------------- DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `proc_case`; DELIMITER ;; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `proc_case`(IN type int) BEGIN #Routine body goes here... DECLARE c varchar(500); CASE type WHEN 0 THEN set c = 'param is 0'; WHEN 1 THEN set c = 'param is 1'; ELSE set c = 'param is others, not 0 or 1'; END CASE; select c; END ;; DELIMITER ;
循環while語句:
-- ---------------------------- -- Procedure structure for `proc_while` -- ---------------------------- DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `proc_while`; DELIMITER ;; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `proc_while`(IN n int) BEGIN #Routine body goes here... DECLARE i int; DECLARE s int; SET i = 0; SET s = 0; WHILE i <= n DO set s = s + i; set i = i + 1; END WHILE; SELECT s; END ;; DELIMITER ;
其它:略~
不同數據庫,語法差別很大,移植困難,換了數據庫,需要重新編寫;
不好管理,把過多業務邏輯寫在存儲過程不好維護,不利於分層管理,容易混亂,一般存儲過程適用於個別對性能要求較高的業務,其它的必要性不是很大;
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