Mysql 高負載排查思路
發現問題
top命令 查看服務器負載,發現 mysql竟然百分之兩百的cpu,引起Mysql 負載這麼高的原因,估計是索引問題和某些變態SQL語句.
排查思路
1. 確定高負載的類型,top命令看負載高是CPU還是IO。
2. mysql 下執行查看當前的連接數與執行的sql 語句。
3. 檢查慢查詢日志,可能是慢查詢引起負載高。
4. 檢查硬件問題,是否磁盤故障問題造成的。
5. 檢查監控平台,對比此機器不同時間的負載。
確定負載類型(top)
top - 10:14:18 up 23 days, 11:01, 1 user, load average: 124.17, 55.88, 24.70 Tasks: 138 total, 1 running, 137 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 2.4%us, 1.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 95.2%id, 2.0%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3090528k total, 2965772k used, 124756k free, 93332k buffers Swap: 4192956k total, 2425132k used, 1767824k free, 756524k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 30833 mysql 15 0 6250m 2.5g 4076 S 257.1 49.9 529:34.45 mysqld
查看當前的連接數與執行的sql 語句
show processlist; Id User Host db Command Time State Info 192 slave 8.8.8.142:39820 NULL Binlog Dump 58982 Has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated NULL 194 slave 8.8.8.120:41075 NULL Binlog Dump 58982 Has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated NULL 424891 biotherm 8.8.8.46:57861 biotherm Query 493 Sending data SELECT * FROM xxx_list WHERE tid = '1112' AND del = 0 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 0, 4 424917 biotherm 8.8.8.49:50984 biotherm Query 488 Sending data SELECT * FROM xxx_list WHERE tid = '1112' AND del = 0 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 0, 4 .............................................. 430330 biotherm 8.8.8.42:35982 biotherm Query 487 Sending data SELECT * FROM xxx_list WHERE tid = '1112' AND del = 0
記錄慢查詢
編輯Mysql 配置文件(my.cnf),在[mysqld]字段添加以下幾行:
log_slow_queries = /usr/local/mysql/var/slow_queries.log #慢查詢日志路徑 long_query_time = 10 #記錄SQL查詢超過10s的語句 log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1 #記錄沒有使用索引的sql
查看慢查詢日志
tail /usr/local/mysql/var/slow_queries.log # Time: 130305 9:48:13 # User@Host: biotherm[biotherm] @ [8.8.8.45] # Query_time: 1294.881407 Lock_time: 0.000179 Rows_sent: 4 Rows_examined: 1318033 SET timestamp=1363916893; SELECT * FROM xxx_list WHERE tid = '11xx' AND del = 0 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 0, 4;
4個參數
Query_time: 0 Lock_time: 0 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 54
分別意思為:查詢時間 鎖定時間 查詢結果行數 掃描行數,主要看掃描行數多的語句,然後去數據庫加上對應的索引,再優化下變態的sql 語句。
極端情況kill sql進程
找出占用cpu時間過長的sql,在mysql 下執行如下命令: show processlist; 確定後一條sql處於Query狀態,且Time時間過長,鎖定它的ID,執行如下命令: kill QUERY 269815764;
注意:殺死 sql進程,可能導致數據丟失,所以執行前要衡量數據的重要性。
本文源自:http://dngood.blog.51cto.com/446195/1150031