In some cases, the server creates internal temporary tables while processing queries. Such a table can be held in memory and processed by the MEMORY
storage engine, or stored on disk and processed by the MyISAM
storage engine. The server may create a temporary table initially as an in-memory table, then convert it to an on-disk table if it becomes too large. Users have no direct control over when the server creates an internal temporary table or which storage engine the server uses to manage it
以下幾種情況會創建臨時表
在以下幾種情況下,會創建磁盤臨時表
臨時表相關配置
tmp_table_size:指定系統創建的內存臨時表最大大小
max_heap_table_size: 指定用戶創建的內存表的最大大小
The maximum size for in-memory temporary tables is the minimum of thetmp_table_size
and max_heap_table_size
values
一般要避免使用臨時表
1、在ORDER BY或者GROUP BY的列上創建索引
2、TEXT、BLOB等大字段,拆分表
從5.7.5開始,新增一個系統選項 internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine 可定義磁盤臨時表的引擎類型為 InnoDB,而在這以前,只能使用 MyISAM。
在5.6.3以後新增的系統選項 default_tmp_storage_engine 是控制 CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE 創建的臨時表的引擎類型,在以前默認是MEMORY,不要把這二者混淆了
ysql> show variables like 'default_tmp%'; +----------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------+--------+ | default_tmp_storage_engine | InnoDB | +----------------------------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create temporary table tmp1(id int not null); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec) mysql> show create table tmp1 \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table: tmp1 Create Table: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `tmp1` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set default_tmp_storage_engine = myisam; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create temporary table tmp2 (id int(11) unsigned not null comment 'primary key' ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show create table tmp2 \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table: tmp2 Create Table: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `tmp2` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT 'primary key' ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set default_tmp_storage_engine = memory; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create temporary table tmp3 (id int(11) unsigned not null comment 'primary key' ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show create table tmp3 \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table: tmp3 Create Table: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `tmp3` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT 'primary key' ) ENGINE=MEMORY DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
參考: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/internal-temporary-tables.html