程序師世界是廣大編程愛好者互助、分享、學習的平台,程序師世界有你更精彩!
首頁
編程語言
C語言|JAVA編程
Python編程
網頁編程
ASP編程|PHP編程
JSP編程
數據庫知識
MYSQL數據庫|SqlServer數據庫
Oracle數據庫|DB2數據庫
 程式師世界 >> 數據庫知識 >> MYSQL數據庫 >> MySQL綜合教程 >> MySQLStudy之--MySQLschema_information數據庫

MySQLStudy之--MySQLschema_information數據庫

編輯:MySQL綜合教程

MySQLStudy之--MySQLschema_information數據庫


MySQL Study之--MySQL schema_information數據庫

information_schema數據庫是在mysql的版本5.0之後產生的,一個虛擬數據庫,物理上並不存在。

information_schema數據庫類似與“數據字典”,提供了訪問數據庫元數據的方式,即數據的數據。比如數據庫名或表名,列類型,訪問權限(更加細化的訪問方式)。

案例:

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| prod               |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
訪問information_schema:
mysql> use information_schema;

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_information_schema          |
+---------------------------------------+
| CHARACTER_SETS                        |
| COLLATIONS                            |
| COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY |
| COLUMNS                               |
| COLUMN_PRIVILEGES                     |
| ENGINES                               |
| EVENTS                                |
| FILES                                 |
| GLOBAL_STATUS                         |
| GLOBAL_VARIABLES                      |
| KEY_COLUMN_USAGE                      |
| OPTIMIZER_TRACE                       |
| PARAMETERS                            |
| PARTITIONS                            |
| PLUGINS                               |
| PROCESSLIST                           |
| PROFILING                             |
| REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS               |
| ROUTINES                              |
| SCHEMATA                              |
| SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES                     |
| SESSION_STATUS                        |
| SESSION_VARIABLES                     |
| STATISTICS                            |
| TABLES                                |
| TABLESPACES                           |
| TABLE_CONSTRAINTS                     |
| TABLE_PRIVILEGES                      |
| TRIGGERS                              |
| USER_PRIVILEGES                       |
| VIEWS                                 |
| INNODB_LOCKS                          |
| INNODB_TRX                            |
| INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES                  |
| INNODB_LOCK_WAITS                     |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS                 |
| INNODB_CMP                            |
| INNODB_METRICS                        |
| INNODB_CMP_RESET                      |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX                  |
| INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET                   |
| INNODB_FT_DELETED                     |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU                |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN                    |
| INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS                    |
| INNODB_SYS_INDEXES                    |
| INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD            |
| INNODB_SYS_FIELDS                     |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET            |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE                    |
| INNODB_CMPMEM                         |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE                 |
| INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED               |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES                |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE                 |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS               |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLES                     |
| INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS              |
| INNODB_FT_CONFIG                      |
+---------------------------------------+
59 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc SCHEMATA;
+----------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field                      | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| CATALOG_NAME               | varchar(512) | NO   |     |         |       |
| SCHEMA_NAME                | varchar(64)  | NO   |     |         |       |
| DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME | varchar(32)  | NO   |     |         |       |
| DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME     | varchar(32)  | NO   |     |         |       |
| SQL_PATH                   | varchar(512) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select SCHEMA_NAME,DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME from SCHEMATA;
+--------------------+----------------------------+
| SCHEMA_NAME        | DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME |
+--------------------+----------------------------+
| information_schema | utf8                       |
| mysql              | latin1                     |
| performance_schema | utf8                       |
| prod               | latin1                     |
| test               | latin1                     |
+--------------------+----------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc tables;
+-----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field           | Type                | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| TABLE_CATALOG   | varchar(512)        | NO   |     |         |       |
| TABLE_SCHEMA    | varchar(64)         | NO   |     |         |       |
| TABLE_NAME      | varchar(64)         | NO   |     |         |       |
| TABLE_TYPE      | varchar(64)         | NO   |     |         |       |
| ENGINE          | varchar(64)         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| VERSION         | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| ROW_FORMAT      | varchar(10)         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| TABLE_ROWS      | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| AVG_ROW_LENGTH  | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| DATA_LENGTH     | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| MAX_DATA_LENGTH | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| INDEX_LENGTH    | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| DATA_FREE       | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| AUTO_INCREMENT  | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| CREATE_TIME     | datetime            | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| UPDATE_TIME     | datetime            | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| CHECK_TIME      | datetime            | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| TABLE_COLLATION | varchar(32)         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| CHECKSUM        | bigint(21) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| CREATE_OPTIONS  | varchar(255)        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| TABLE_COMMENT   | varchar(2048)       | NO   |     |         |       |
+-----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> select table_schema,table_name,table_type,engine,table_rows from tables where table_schema='prod';

+--------------+------------+------------+--------+------------+
| table_schema | table_name | table_type | engine | table_rows |
+--------------+------------+------------+--------+------------+
| prod         | t1         | BASE TABLE | InnoDB |          2 |
| prod         | t2         | BASE TABLE | InnoDB |          2 |
+--------------+------------+------------+--------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from prod.t1;
+------+-------+
| id   | name  |
+------+-------+
|   10 | tom   |
|   20 | jerry |
|   30 | rose  |
|   40 | ellen |
+------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> explain select * from prod.t1;
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | t1    | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |    2 | NULL  |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

其中重要的表有:

SCHEMATA表:

SCHEMATA表提供了當前mysql實例中所有數據庫的信息。是show databases的結果取之此表。

TABLES表:

TABLES表提供了關於數據庫中的表的信息(包括視圖)。詳細表述了某個表屬於哪個schema,表類型,表引擎,創建時間,等等信息。是show tables from schemaname的結果取之此表。

COLUMNS表:

COLUMNS表提供了表中的列信息。詳細表述了某張表的所有列以及每個列的信息。是show columns from schemaname.tablename的結果取之此表。

STATISTICS表:

STATISTICS表提供了關於表索引的信息。是show index from schemaname.tablename的結果取之此表。

USER_PRIVILEGES表:

USER_PRIVILEGES(用戶權限)表給出了關於全程權限的信息。該信息源自mysql.user授權表。是非標准表。

SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES表:

SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES(方案權限)表給出了關於方案(數據庫)權限的信息。該信息來自mysql.db授權表。是非標准表。

TABLE_PRIVILEGES表:

TABLE_PRIVILEGES(表權限)表給出了關於表權限的信息。該信息源自mysql.tables_priv授權表。是非標准表。

COLUMN_PRIVILEGES表;

COLUMN_PRIVILEGES(列權限)表給出了關於列權限的信息。該信息源自mysql.columns_priv授權表。是非標准表。

CHARACTER_SETS表:

CHARACTER_SETS(字符集)表提供了mysql實例可用字符集的信息。是SHOW CHARACTER SET結果集取之此表。

COLLATIONS表;

COLLATIONS表提供了關於各字符集的對照信息。

COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY表:

COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY表指明了可用於校對的字符集。這些列等效於SHOW COLLATION的前兩個顯示字段。

TABLE_CONSTRAINTS表;

TABLE_CONSTRAINTS表描述了存在約束的表。以及表的約束類型。

KEY_COLUMN_USAGE表:

KEY_COLUMN_USAGE表描述了具有約束的鍵列。

ROUTINES表:

ROUTINES表提供了關於存儲子程序(存儲程序和函數)的信息。此時,ROUTINES表不包含自定義函數(UDF)。名為“mysql.proc name”的列指明了對應於INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES表的mysql.proc表列。

VIEWS表:

VIEWS表給出了關於數據庫中的視圖的信息。需要有show views權限,否則無法查看視圖信息。

TRIGGERS表;

TRIGGERS表提供了關於觸發程序的信息。必須有super權限才能查看該表。

另外,在未來的版本中會有新的表添加。

【注】information_schema是一個由數據庫的元數據組成的數據庫。裡面存儲的是mysql的數據庫基本信息。並隨時改變。用於查看信息以及系統決策時作為重要的信息提供者。


  1. 上一頁:
  2. 下一頁:
Copyright © 程式師世界 All Rights Reserved