Shell腳本中執行mysql語句

Shell腳本中執行mysql語句

對於自動化運維，諸如備份恢復之類的，DBA經常需要將SQL語句封裝到shell腳本。本文描述了在Linux環境下mysql數據庫中，shell腳本下調用sql語句的幾種方法，供大家參考。對於腳本輸出的結果美化，需要進一步完善和調整。以下為具體的示例及其方法。

1、將SQL語句直接嵌入到shell腳本文件中

--演示環境
[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like 'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value      |
+---------------+------------+
| version       | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh 
#!/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}

# execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"

echo -e "\n">>${LOG}
echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;

[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh 
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id   | val   |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
--Author : Leshami
--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

2、命令行調用單獨的SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql 
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id   | val   |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.

3、使用管道符調用SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.

#使用管道符調用SQL文件以及輸出日志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log
[root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.

4、shell腳本中MySQL提示符下調用SQL

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF
source /root/temp.sql;
select current_date();
delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;
select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;
EOF
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.
current_date()
2014-10-14
id      val
2       robin

5、shell腳本中變量輸入與輸出

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh
#!/bin/bash
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit 
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Current count is : 3

[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s
3

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh
#!/bin/bash
id=1
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit 

[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh 
Current count is : 1

#以上腳本演示中，作拋磚引玉只用，對於輸出的結果不是很規整友好，需要進一步改善和提高。