注:本文檔做了兩個MYSQL實例,多個實例方法以此類推
LINUX操作系統:centOS6.3 64bit(安裝了系統默認開發包)
數據庫一:
MYSQL版本:mysql-5.0.56
PORT:3306
系統目錄:/usr/local/mysql3306
數據庫二:
MYSQL版本:mysql-5.1.72
PORT:3307
系統目錄:/usr/local/mysql3307
一.安裝開發包(使用默認CENTOS更新源):
復制代碼 代碼如下:# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*
二.關閉iptables和SELINUX
復制代碼 代碼如下:# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
---------------
SELINUX=disabled
---------------
三.安裝mysql數據庫實例
1.下載編譯包：
復制代碼 代碼如下:# su -
# mkdir ~/src
# cd src
# wget http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
# wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz
2.安裝前的初始配置工作：
1).創建一個Mysql用戶
復制代碼 代碼如下:# useradd mysql
2).新建mysql下data和log子目錄
復制代碼 代碼如下:# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log
3).修改目錄的所屬者以及所屬組權限
復制代碼 代碼如下:# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log/
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log
4).創建mysql相關目錄並配置權限
復制代碼 代碼如下:# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# cp /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
3.解包編譯安裝
編譯數據庫一:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.0.56
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3306 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data --with-tcp-port=3306 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
# make
# make install
編譯數據庫二:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.71.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.1.71
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3307 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data --with-tcp-port=3307 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
# make
# make install
4.編寫mysql配置項：
數據庫一配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# vi /usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3306/mysql.pid
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 256M
thread_stack = 8M
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3306.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3306/mysqld.pid
-------------------------------------------------------
數據庫二配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# vi /usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
user=mysql
port=3307
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3307/mysql.pid
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 256M
thread_stack = 8M
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3307.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3307/mysqld.pid
-------------------------------------------------------
5.將mysql的庫文件路徑加入系統的庫文件搜索路徑中
方法一：直接做軟鏈接
復制代碼 代碼如下:# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
方法二：利用ldconfig導入系統庫
復制代碼 代碼如下:# echo "/usr/local/mysql3306/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# ldconfig
6.輸出mysql的頭文件到系統頭文件
復制代碼 代碼如下:# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
注: 此處只需將一個mysql實例的庫文件添加到系統庫,無需多次添加
7.進入相應實例的安裝路徑,初始化各自配置腳本
數據庫一配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# cd /usr/local/mysql3306
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
數據庫二配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# cd /usr/local/mysql3307
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
8.復制mysql啟動腳本到系統服務目錄,並更改腳本配置
復制代碼 代碼如下:# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3306
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3307
數據庫一配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3006
搜索如下行,紅色標注的為添加的參數:
---------------------------------------------
復制代碼 代碼如下:basedir=/usr/local/mysql3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------
數據庫二配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3007
搜索如下行,紅色標注的為添加的參數:
---------------------------------------------
復制代碼 代碼如下:basedir=/usr/local/mysql3307
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------
9.系統啟動項相關配置
數據庫一配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# chkconfig --add mysqld3306 #添加開機啟動服務
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3306 on #設置mysql啟動
數據庫二配置:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# chkconfig --add mysqld3307
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3307 on
10.啟動mysql
數據庫一啟動:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# service mysqld3306 start
數據庫二啟動:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# service mysqld3307 start
11 添加mysql命令集到系統全局變量
注:如果系統之前未安裝mysql客戶端,可以將編譯好的mysql命令集導入系統全局變量
以後就可以直接使用mysql命令集,而不需要使用絕對路徑訪問.
復制代碼 代碼如下:# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql3306/bin;export PATH" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
12. 設置初始賬戶,並登陸後台:
數據庫一:
復制代碼 代碼如下:# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #設置超級管理員密碼
# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysql -P3306 -S/tmp/mysql3306.sock -uroot -p123456 #連接數據庫
數據庫二:
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #設置超級管理員密碼
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysql -P3307 -S/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456 #連接數據庫
注: 因為加了mysql環境變量,以後系統後台可以直接使用mysql命令登錄,這裡使用絕對路徑是為了規范操作
# mysql -P3307 -S/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456
13.端口測試:
復制代碼 代碼如下:#lsof -i:3306
#lsof -i:3307
OK,大功告成!
