上一篇文章我們提到MySQL 讀寫分離，這篇文章我們講解MySQL集群。我們提到的集群，是指多台機器完成一個工作，最主要的場景是數據庫服務器和Web服務器，但是集群環境不適合大規模計算。前面我們有提到MySQL AB復制，因為MySQL AB復制不適合大規模運用，要解決這個問題，我們可以使用MySQL集群。
MySQL集群分為三類節點：管理節點、SQL節點、存儲節點。管理節點的功能是管理其他節點，負責調度不同的SQL節點和存儲節點。SQL節點作用是用戶和該節點進行交互，用戶發送SQL語句到該節點，進行讀寫請求。存儲節點負責到磁盤中讀數據和寫數據。MySQL集群中采用一種特殊存儲引擎，名叫NDB。NDB負責對數據進行讀寫，並保證節點之間的數據一致性，存儲節點沒有必要使用共享存儲，因為第一存儲節點本身的數據互為鏡像，本身已經對數據做了備份。其中，管理節點只需要一個，SQL節點根據業務需要可以有多個，存儲節點同理。
1.處理業務能力大幅提高；
2.用戶關注的點更集中於業務；
3.數據不易丟失，因為存儲節點對數據做備份。當然不要完全依靠MySQL集群，制定合理的備份和恢復策略還是很有必要的；
4.在SQL節點有多台的情況下，一台SQL節點宕機不影響，只需要開發人員手動判斷該節點是否在線，不在線切換到另一台SQL節點上，保證了高可用性。
1.成本提高，因為MySQL集群至少需要三台服務器；
2.運維難度增強，因為服務器數量增加。
屬性 IP 主機名
管理節點 192.168.1.11 mgmd
存儲節點 192.168.1.14 ndb01
存儲節點 192.168.1.15 ndb02
SQL節點 192.168.1.12 sql01
SQL節點 192.168.1.13 sql02
MySQL集群網絡拓撲圖
RHEL Server6.1 64位系統
mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
第一步，拷貝文件
[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.11:/opt/ [root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.12:/opt/ [root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.13:/opt/ [root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.14:/opt/ [root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.15:/opt/
第二步，修改主機名
[root@serv01 ~]# hostname mgmd.host.com [root@serv01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network [root@serv01 ~]# cat !$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=mgmd.host.com [root@serv01 ~]# hostname mgmd.host.com [root@serv02 ~]# hostname sql01.host.com [root@serv02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network [root@serv02 ~]# cat !$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=sql01.host.com [root@serv02 ~]# hostname sql01.host.com [root@serv03 ~]# hostname sql02.host.com [root@serv03 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network [root@serv03 ~]# cat !$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=sql02.host.com [root@serv03 ~]# hostname sql02.host.com [root@serv04 ~]# hostname ndb01.host.com [root@serv04 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network [root@serv04 ~]# cat !$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=ndb01.host.com [root@serv04 ~]# hostname ndb01.host.com [root@serv05 ~]# hostname ndb02.host.com [root@serv05 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network [root@serv05 ~]# cat !$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=ndb02.host.com [root@serv05 ~]# hostname ndb02.host.com
第三步，確定IP地址
[root@mgmd ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:07:DD:3B
inet addr:192.168.1.11 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@sql01 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:6A:EC:97
inet addr:192.168.1.12 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@sql02 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:BD:08:05
inet addr:192.168.1.13 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@ndb01 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:0F:1A:09
inet addr:192.168.1.14 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@ndb02 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:77:CB:2F
inet addr:192.168.1.15 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
第一步，添加mysql組和用戶
[root@mgmd opt]# groupadd -g 27 mysql [root@mgmd opt]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@mgmd opt]# id mysql uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
第二步，解壓二進制包
[root@mgmd opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@mgmd opt]# cd /usr/local/
第三步，重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@mgmd local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql [root@mgmd local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R [root@mgmd local]# ll mysql/ -d drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql/ [root@mgmd local]# ll mysql/ total 244 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19071 Jun 11 2010 COPYING drwxr-x--- 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 5139 Jun 11 2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 9748 Jun 11 2010 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11 2010 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 share drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 support-files
第四步，拷貝配置文件，編輯該文件，內容如下
[root@mgmd local]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/ndb-config-2-node.ini /etc/ndb-config.ini [root@mgmd local]# vim /etc/ndb-config.ini [root@mgmd local]# cat /etc/ndb-config.ini # Example Ndbcluster storage engine config file. # [ndbd default] NoOfReplicas= 2 MaxNoOfConcurrentOperations= 10000 DataMemory= 80M IndexMemory= 24M TimeBetweenWatchDogCheck= 30000 DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster MaxNoOfOrderedIndexes= 512 [ndb_mgmd default] #確定該目錄存在 DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster [ndb_mgmd] Id=1 HostName= 192.168.1.11 [ndbd] Id= 2 HostName= 192.168.1.14 [ndbd] Id= 3 HostName= 192.168.1.15 [mysqld] Id= 4 HostName= 192.168.1.12 [mysqld] Id= 5 HostName= 192.168.1.13 # choose an unused port number # in this configuration 63132, 63133, and 63134 # will be used [tcp default] PortNumber= 63132
第五步，創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@mgmd local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster [root@mgmd local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ -R [root@mgmd local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 4 23:39 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
第六步，啟動ndb_mgmd
[root@mgmd local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /etc/ndb-config.ini 2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- NDB Cluster Management Server. mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4b 2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- The default config directory '/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster' does not exist. Trying to create it... 2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- Sucessfully created config directory 2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- Reading cluster configuration from '/etc/ndb-config.ini' 2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] WARNING -- at line 39: [tcp] PortNumber is depricated, use Port used for this transporter instead 2013-11-04 23:46:13 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- Reading cluster configuration from '/etc/ndb-config.ini' 2013-11-04 23:46:13 [MgmtSrvr] WARNING -- at line 39: [tcp] PortNumber is depricated, use Port used for this transporter instead --確定進程和端口號 [root@mgmd local]# ps -ef | grep mgm | grep -v grep root 1070 1 0 23:46 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /etc/ndb-config.ini [root@mgmd local]# netstat -langput | grep mgm tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1186 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1070/ndb_mgmd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:1186 127.0.0.1:55252 ESTABLISHED 1070/ndb_mgmd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:55252 127.0.0.1:1186 ESTABLISHED 1070/ndb_mgmd [root@mgmd local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186 Cluster Configuration --------------------- [ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s) id=2 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.14) id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.15) [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s) id=1 @192.168.1.11 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) [mysqld(API)] 2 node(s) id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12) id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)
第一步，ndb01添加mysql組和用戶
[root@ndb01 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql [root@ndb01 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@ndb01 ~]# id mysql uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql) [root@ndb01 ~]# cd /opt/
第二步，ndb01解壓二進制包
[root@ndb01 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@ndb01 opt]# cd /usr/local/
第三步，ndb01重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@ndb01 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql [root@ndb01 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R [root@ndb01 local]# ll -d mysql/ drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql/ [root@ndb01 local]# ll mysql/ total 244 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19071 Jun 11 2010 COPYING drwxr-x--- 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 5139 Jun 11 2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 9748 Jun 11 2010 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11 2010 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 share drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 support-files
第四步，ndb01進入mysql目錄，拷貝模板文件，修改該文件，內容如下
[root@ndb01 local]# cd mysql/ [root@ndb01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y [root@ndb01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [root@ndb01 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysql_cluster] ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11 #下劃線或者橫線都可以 #ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.11
第五步，ndb01創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@ndb01 mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster [root@ndb01 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql !$ -R chown mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R [root@ndb01 mysql]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 4 23:54 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
第六步，ndb01初始化ndbd
[root@ndb01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial 2013-11-04 23:57:06 [ndbd] INFO -- Configuration fetched from '192.168.1.11:1186', generation: 1 #查看狀態 [root@ndb01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186 Cluster Configuration --------------------- [ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s) id=2 @192.168.1.14 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, starting, Nodegroup: 0) id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.15) [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s) id=1 @192.168.1.11 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) [mysqld(API)] 2 node(s) id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12) id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)
第七步，ndb02和ndb01執行相同的操作，如下：
[root@ndb02 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql [root@ndb02 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@ndb02 ~]# id mysql uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql) [root@ndb02 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@ndb02 opt]# cd /usr/local/ [root@ndb02 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql [root@ndb02 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R [root@ndb02 local]# ll -d mysql/ drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql/ [root@ndb02 local]# ll mysql/ total 244 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19071 Jun 11 2010 COPYING drwxr-x--- 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 5139 Jun 11 2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 9748 Jun 11 2010 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11 2010 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 share drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 support-files [root@ndb02 local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster [root@ndb02 local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ -R [root@ndb02 local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 5 00:00 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ [root@ndb02 local]# cd mysql/ [root@ndb02 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y [root@ndb02 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [root@ndb02 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" !$ -v grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysql_cluster] ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11 [root@ndb02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial 2013-11-05 00:02:18 [ndbd] INFO -- Configuration fetched from '192.168.1.11:1186', generation: 1 [root@ndb02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186 Cluster Configuration --------------------- [ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s) id=2 @192.168.1.14 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master) id=3 @192.168.1.15 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0) [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s) id=1 @192.168.1.11 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) [mysqld(API)] 2 node(s) id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12) id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)
第一步，sql01添加mysql組和用戶
[root@sql01 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql [root@sql01 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@sql01 ~]# id mysql uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql) [root@sql01 ~]# cd /opt/
第二步，sql01解壓二進制包
[root@sql01 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
第三步，sql01重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@sql01 opt]# cd /usr/local/ [root@sql01 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql [root@sql01 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R [root@sql01 local]# ll -d mysql/ drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql/ [root@sql01 local]# ll mysql/ total 244 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19071 Jun 11 2010 COPYING drwxr-x--- 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 5139 Jun 11 2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 9748 Jun 11 2010 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11 2010 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 share drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 support-files
第四步，sql01拷貝配置文件，並修改，如下
[root@sql01 local]# cd mysql/ [root@sql01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y [root@sql01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [root@sql01 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" !$ -v grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster ndbcluster default-storage-engine=ndbcluster port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysql_cluster] ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11
第五步，sql01拷貝運行腳本，添加可執行權限
[root@sql01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@sql01 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
第六步，sql01創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組
[root@sql01 mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster [root@sql01 mysql]# chown mysql. !$ -R chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R [root@sql01 mysql]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 5 00:06 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
第七步，sql01初始化數據庫
[root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql WARNING: The host 'sql01.host.com' could not be looked up with resolveip. This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames when specifying MySQL privileges ! Installing MySQL system tables... 131105 0:07:32 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead. OK Filling help tables... 131105 0:07:32 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead. OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h sql01.host.com password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: ./bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!
第八步，sql01啟動mysql，並加入ndb
[root@sql01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186 Cluster Configuration --------------------- [ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s) id=2 @192.168.1.14 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master) id=3 @192.168.1.15 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0) [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s) id=1 @192.168.1.11 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) [mysqld(API)] 2 node(s) id=4 @192.168.1.12 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)
第九步，sql02執行和sql01相同的操作，如下：
[root@sql02 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql [root@sql02 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@sql02 ~]# id mysql uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql) [root@sql02 ~]# cd /opt/ [root@sql02 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@sql02 opt]# cd !$ cd /usr/local/ [root@sql02 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql [root@sql02 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R [root@sql02 local]# ll -d mysql/ drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql/ [root@sql02 local]# ll mysql/ total 244 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19071 Jun 11 2010 COPYING drwxr-x--- 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 5139 Jun 11 2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 9748 Jun 11 2010 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11 2010 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 share drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11 2010 support-files [root@sql02 local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster [root@sql02 local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R [root@sql02 local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov 5 00:10 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ [root@sql02 local]# cd mysql/ [root@sql02 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y [root@sql02 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [root@sql02 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster ndbcluster default-storage-engine=ndbcluster port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysql_cluster] ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11 [root@sql02 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@sql02 mysql]# chmod +x !$ chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql WARNING: The host 'sql02.host.com' could not be looked up with resolveip. This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames when specifying MySQL privileges ! Installing MySQL system tables... 131105 0:14:20 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead. OK Filling help tables... 131105 0:14:20 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead. OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h sql02.host.com password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: ./bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script! [root@sql02 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186 Cluster Configuration --------------------- [ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s) id=2 @192.168.1.14 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master) id=3 @192.168.1.15 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0) [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s) id=1 @192.168.1.11 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) [mysqld(API)] 2 node(s) id=4 @192.168.1.12 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4) id=5 @192.168.1.13 (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)
第一步，sql02創建測試數據庫，sql01可以發現
[root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.44-ndb-7.1.4b-cluster-gpl-log MySQL Cluster Server (GPL) Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> create database larrydb; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.21 sec) mysql> [root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.44-ndb-7.1.4b-cluster-gpl-log MySQL Cluster Server (GPL) Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | larrydb | | mysql | | ndbinfo | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
第二步，sql01創建測試表，插入測試數據，sql02可以發現變化
mysql> use larrydb; Database changed mysql> create table user(id int,name varchar(30)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.62 sec) mysql> insert into user values(1,'larry'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec) sql02 mysql> select * from larrydb.user; +------+-------+ | id | name | +------+-------+ | 1 | larry | +------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.04 sec)
如果只能使用三台服務器，可以這樣配置：sql節點和ndb節點放在一起。管理節點做如下配置：
#管理節點 [ndb_mgmd] Id=1 HostName= 192.168.1.11 [ndbd] Id= 2 HostName= 192.168.1.14 [ndbd] Id= 3 HostName= 192.168.1.15 [mysqld] Id= 4 [mysqld] Id= 5 #其他節點做sql節點的配置即可
