提高MySQL數據庫查詢效率的技巧（一）

MySQL數據庫由於它本身的小巧和操作的高效, 在數據庫應用中越來越多的被采用.我在開發一個P2P應用的時候曾經使用MySQL來保存P2P節點,由於P2P的應用中,結點數動辄上萬個,而且節點變化頻繁,因此一定要保持查詢和插入的高效.以下是我在使用過程中做的提高效率的有效的嘗試.希望對大家能夠有所幫助。

使用statement進行綁定查詢

使用statement可以提前構建查詢語法樹,在查詢時不再需要構建語法樹就直接查詢.因此可以很好的提高查詢的效率. 這個方法適合於查詢條件固定但查詢非常頻繁的場合.
使用方法是:

綁定, 創建一個MYSQL_STMT變量,與對應的查詢字符串綁定,字符串中的問號代表要傳入的變量,每個問號都必須指定一個變量.
查詢, 輸入每個指定的變量, 傳入MYSQL_STMT變量用可用的連接句柄執行.
代碼如下:

以下為引用的內容：

//1.綁定
bool CDBManager::BindInsertStmt(MYSQL * connecthandle)
{
//作插入操作的綁定
MYSQL_BIND insertbind[FEILD_NUM];
if(m_stInsertParam == NULL)
m_stInsertParam = new CHostCacheTable;
m_stInsertStmt = mysql_stmt_init(connecthandle);
//構建綁定字符串
char insertSQL[SQL_LENGTH];
strcpy(insertSQL, "insert into HostCache(SessionID, ChannelID, ISPType, "
"ExternalIP, ExternalPort, InternalIP, InternalPort) "
"values(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
mysql_stmt_prepare(m_stInsertStmt, insertSQL, strlen(insertSQL));
int param_count= mysql_stmt_param_count(m_stInsertStmt);
if(param_count != FEILD_NUM)
return false;
//填充bind結構數組, m_sInsertParam是這個statement關聯的結構變量
memset(insertbind, 0, sizeof(insertbind));
insertbind[0].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_STRING;
insertbind[0].buffer_length = ID_LENGTH /* -1 */;
insertbind[0].buffer = (char *)m_stInsertParam->sessionid;
insertbind[0].is_null = 0;
insertbind[0].length = 0;

insertbind[1].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_STRING;
insertbind[1].buffer_length = ID_LENGTH /* -1 */;
insertbind[1].buffer = (char *)m_stInsertParam->channelid;
insertbind[1].is_null = 0;
insertbind[1].length = 0;

insertbind[2].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_TINY;
insertbind[2].buffer = (char *)&m_stInsertParam->ISPtype;
insertbind[2].is_null = 0;
insertbind[2].length = 0;

insertbind[3].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_LONG;
insertbind[3].buffer = (char *)&m_stInsertParam->externalIP;
insertbind[3].is_null = 0;
insertbind[3].length = 0;

insertbind[4].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT;
insertbind[4].buffer = (char *)&m_stInsertParam->externalPort;
insertbind[4].is_null = 0;
insertbind[4].length = 0;

insertbind[5].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_LONG;
insertbind[5].buffer = (char *)&m_stInsertParam->internalIP;
insertbind[5].is_null = 0;
insertbind[5].length = 0;

insertbind[6].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT;
insertbind[6].buffer = (char *)&m_stInsertParam->internalPort;
insertbind[6].is_null = 0;
insertbind[6].is_null = 0;
//綁定
if (mysql_stmt_bind_param(m_stInsertStmt, insertbind))
return false;
return true;
}

//2.查詢
bool CDBManager::InsertHostCache2(MYSQL * connecthandle, char * sessionid, char * channelid, int ISPtype, \
unsigned int eIP, unsigned short eport, unsigned int iIP, unsigned short iport)
{
//填充結構變量m_sInsertParam
strcpy(m_stInsertParam->sessionid, sessionid);
strcpy(m_stInsertParam->channelid, channelid);
m_stInsertParam->ISPtype = ISPtype;
m_stInsertParam->externalIP = eIP;
m_stInsertParam->externalPort = eport;
m_stInsertParam->internalIP = iIP;
m_stInsertParam->internalPort = iport;
//執行statement,性能瓶頸處
if(mysql_stmt_execute(m_stInsertStmt))
return false;
return true;
}

這裡就為大家總結這一個技巧，更多的技巧將會在下篇文章中為大家講解。