啟動mysql後，以root登錄mysql
$mysql -u root -p
>show variables like 'character%'; #執行編碼顯示
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
在某些時候，我們續要修改mysql默認數據庫的編碼，以保證某些遷移的程序可以正常顯示，編輯my.cnf文件進行編碼修改,windows可以直接用Ｍysql Server Instance Config Wizard 進行設置
在linux下修改３個my.cnf的１個/etc/mysql/my.cnf文件
找到客戶端配置[client] 在下面添加
default-character-set=utf8 默認字符集為utf8
在找到[mysqld] 添加
default-character-set=utf8 默認字符集為utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' （設定連接mysql數據庫時使用utf8編碼，以讓mysql數據庫為utf8運行）
修改好後，重新啟動mysql 即可，查詢一下show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
此方法用於標准mysql版本同樣有效，對於/etc/my.cnf文件，需要從mysql/support-files的文件夾cp my-large.cnf一份到/etc/my.cnf
摘自 怪蜀黍的博客
