MYSQL入門學習之十八：MYSQLADMIN命令參數詳解
相關鏈接：
MYSQL入門學習之一：基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/173868.html
MYSQL入門學習之二：使用正則表達式搜索
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/173869.html
MYSQL入門學習之三：全文本搜索
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/173873.html
MYSQL入門學習之四：MYSQL的數據類型
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/175536.html
MYSQL入門學習之五：MYSQL的字符集
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/175541.html
MYSQL入門學習之六：MYSQL的運算符
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/175862.html
MYSQL入門學習之七：MYSQL常用函數
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/175864.html
MYSQL入門學習之八：數據庫及表的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/175867.html
MYSQL入門學習之九：索引的簡單操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/176772.html
MYSQL入門學習之十：視圖的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/176775.html
MYSQL入門學習之十一：觸發器的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/176781.html
MYSQL入門學習之十二：存儲過程的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/177380.html
MYSQL入門學習之十三：自定義函數的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/177382.html
MYSQL入門學習之十四：游標的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/177384.html
MYSQL入門學習之十五：事務處理的基本操作
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/177385.html
MYSQL入門學習之十六：MYSQL命令參數詳解
http://www.BkJia.com/database/201212/178079.html
mysqladmin工具主要用來對數據庫做一些簡單的操作，以及顯示服務器狀態等。其使用格式如下： www.2cto.com
mysqladmin [option] command [command option] command ......
在命令行中輸入mysqladmin -?，打印出如下幫助信息
[sql]
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin --help
mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32
Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license
Administration program for the mysqld daemon.
Usage: mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command....
-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i
(--sleep) only.
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit .
--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with
multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs.
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory where character sets are.
--default-character-set=name
Set the default character set.
-?, --help Display this help and exit.
-h, --host=name Connect to host.
-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.
-p, --password[=name]
Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
not given it's asked from the tty.
-W, --pipe Use named pipes to connect to server.
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/services, built-in default (3306).
--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory).
-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when
used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status.
-O, --set-variable=name
Change the value of a variable. Please note that this
option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with
--variable-name=value.
--shared-memory-base-name=name
Base name of shared memory.
-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server.
-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection.
-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between.
--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with
other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.
--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies
--ssl).
--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-verify-server-cert
Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against
hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by
default.
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
-v, --verbose Write more information.
-V, --version Output version information and exit.
-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but
prints output vertically.
-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down.
--connect_timeout=#
--shutdown_timeout=#
Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- -----------------------------
count 0
debug-check FALSE
debug-info FALSE
force FALSE
compress FALSE
character-sets-dir (No default value)
default-character-set (No default value)
host (No default value)
no-beep FALSE
port 0
relative FALSE
shared-memory-base-name (No default value)
socket (No default value)
sleep 0
ssl FALSE
ssl-ca (No default value)
ssl-capath (No default value)
ssl-cert (No default value)
ssl-cipher (No default value)
ssl-key (No default value)
ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE
user (No default value)
verbose FALSE
vertical FALSE
connect_timeout 43200
shutdown_timeout 3600
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
C:\Windows\my.ini C:\Windows\my.cnf C:\my.ini C:\my.cnf D:\APMServ5.2.6\MySQL5.1\my.ini D:\APMServ5.2.6\MySQL5.1\my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqladmin client
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit
--no-defaults Don't read default options from any options file
--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #
--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read
Where command is a one or more of: (Commands may be shortened)
create databasename Create a new database
debug Instruct server to write debug information to log
drop databasename Delete a database and all its tables
extended-status Gives an extended status message from the server
flush-hosts Flush all cached hosts
flush-logs Flush all logs
flush-status Clear status variables
flush-tables Flush all tables
flush-threads Flush the thread cache
flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload)
kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads
password new-password Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing.
old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format.
ping Check if mysqld is alive
processlist Show list of active threads in server
reload Reload grant tables
refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles
shutdown Take server down
status Gives a short status message from the server
start-slave Start slave
stop-slave Stop slave
variables Prints variables available
version Get version info from server
幫助信息主要包括三部分：
第一部分為mysqladmin命令的相關選項，詳細說明如下：
-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i (--sleep) only. 自動運行次數，必須和 -i 一起使用
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit .
--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs. 禁用錯誤，drop 數據庫時不提示，執行多條命令時出錯繼續執行
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. 在服務器和客戶端之間使用壓縮
--character-sets-dir=name Directory where character sets are. 設置字符集目錄
--default-character-set=name Set the default character set. 設置字符集默認目錄
-?, --help Display this help and exit. 顯示幫助信息
-h, --host=name Connect to host. 主機名
-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error. 報錯時，不響鈴（嘟的一聲）
-p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's asked from the tty. 服務器連接密碼
-W, --pipe Use named pipes to connect to server. 使用命名管道連接服務器
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT, /etc/services, built-in default (3306). 端口號
--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory). 設置連接使用的協議
-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status. 顯示前後變化的值，必須結合- i
-O, --set-variable=name Change the value of a variable. Please note that this option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with --variable-name=value. 修改變量的值，使用--variable-name=value 的方式修改變量值
--shared-memory-base-name=name Base name of shared memory.
-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server. 如果連接服務器失敗則退出
-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection. 指定socket file
-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between. 間隔一段時間執行一次
--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.
--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-verify-server- cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default.
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user. 用戶名
-v, --verbose Write more information.
-V, --version Output version information and exit. 顯示MYSQLADMIN的版本
-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but prints output vertically. 垂直顯示輸出
-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down. 如果連接斷開，則等待並重試
--connect_timeout=# 連接超時
--shutdown_timeout=# 超時關閉 示例：
[sql]
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -uroot -E -i 3 -c 2 status
Uptime: 1590 Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second
avg: 0.3
Uptime: 1593 Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second
avg: 0.3
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -V
mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32
第二部分為mysqladmin的相關變量。
第三部分為mysqladmin可以執行的相關服務器命令，詳細說明如下：
create databasename Create a new database 創建一個新數據庫
debug Instruct server to write debug information to log 通知服務器將調試信息寫入日志
drop databasename Delete a database and all its tables 刪除一個數據庫及其所有表
extended-status Gives an extended status message from the server 給出服務器的一個擴展狀態消息
flush-hosts Flush all cached hosts 清除所有緩存的主機
flush-logs Flush all logs 清除所有日志
flush-status Clear status variables
flush-tables Flush all tables 清除所有表
flush-threads Flush the thread cache 清除線程緩存
flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload) 再次裝載授權表(同reload)
kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads 殺死mysql線程
password new-password Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing. 將老口令改為新口令
old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format. 修改口令
ping Check if mysqld is alive 檢查mysqld是否在線
processlist Show list of active threads in server 顯示服務其中活躍線程列表
reload Reload grant tables 重載授權表
refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles 洗掉所有表並關閉和打開日志文件
shutdown Take server down 關掉服務器
status Gives a short status message from the server 給出服務器的簡短狀態消息
start-slave Start slave 啟動slave
stop-slave Stop slave 關閉slave
variables Prints variables available 打印出可用變量
version Get version info from server 得到服務器的版本信息
示例：
[sql]
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -uroot version
mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32
Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license
Server version 5.1.28-rc-community
Protocol version 10
Connection localhost via TCP/IP
TCP port 3306
Uptime: 31 min 3 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 23 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 16 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 0 Queries per second avg: 0.12
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p create test_admin
Enter password:
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p drop test_admin
Enter password:
Dropping the database is potentially a very bad thing to do.
Any data stored in the database will be destroyed.
Do you really want to drop the 'test_admin' database [y/N] y
Database "test_admin" dropped
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -u root flush-status
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -u root processlist
+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 21 | root | localhost:8925 | | Query | 0 | | show processlist |
+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
C:\Users\qxl>mysqladmin -u root status
Uptime: 1947 Threads: 1 Questions: 32 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 18 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 2 Queries per second
avg: 0.16
其中mysqladmin -u root status輸出信息中各項的詳細說明如下：
Uptime：MySQL服務器已經運行的秒數
Threads：活躍線程（客戶）的數量
Questions：從mysqld啟動起來自客戶查詢的數量
Slow queries：已經超過long_query_time秒的查詢數量
Opens：mysqld已經打開了多少表
Flush tables：flush ..., refresh和reload命令數量
Open tables：現在被打開的表數量
Queries per second avg：查詢平均用時
