SQL 快速參考

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SQL 語句 語法 AND / OR SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition ALTER TABLE ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype

or

ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name

AS (alias) SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name

or

SELECT column_name
FROM table_name AS table_alias

BETWEEN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2 CREATE DATABASE CREATE DATABASE database_name CREATE TABLE CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
...
) CREATE INDEX CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)

or

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)

CREATE VIEW CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition DELETE DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value

or

DELETE FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)

DELETE * FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)

DROP DATABASE DROP DATABASE database_name DROP INDEX DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)
DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) DROP TABLE DROP TABLE table_name GROUP BY SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name HAVING SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value IN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..) INSERT INTO INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)

or

INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)

INNER JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name LEFT JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
LEFT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name RIGHT JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
RIGHT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name FULL JOIN SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
FULL JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name LIKE SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern ORDER BY SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] SELECT SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name SELECT * SELECT *
FROM table_name SELECT DISTINCT SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name SELECT INTO SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name

or

SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name

SELECT TOP SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name TRUNCATE TABLE TRUNCATE TABLE table_name UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 UPDATE UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value WHERE SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value