表函數可接受查詢語句或游標作為輸入參數,並可輸出多行數據。該函數可以平行執行,並可持續輸出數據流,被稱作管道式輸出。應用表函數可將數據轉換分階段處理,並省去中間結果的存儲和緩沖表。
1. 用游標傳遞數據
利用游標 REF CURSOR 可將數據集(多行記錄)傳遞到PL/SQL函數:
SELECT * FROM TABLE (myfunction (CURSOR (SELECT * FROM mytab)));
2. 利用兩個實體化視圖(或表)作為樣板數據
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sum_sales_country_mv BUILD IMMEDIATE REFRESH COMPLETE ENABLE QUERY REWRITE AS SELECT SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) YEAR, c.country_id country, SUM (sum_amount_sold) sum_amount_sold FROM sum_sales_month_mv s, customers c WHERE s.cust_id = c.cust_id AND c.country_id IN ('US', 'UK', 'FR', 'ES', 'JP', 'AU') GROUP BY SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4), c.country_id
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sum_es_gend_mv BUILD DEFERRED REFRESH FAST ENABLE QUERY REWRITE AS SELECT SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) YEAR, s.calendar_month_desc cal_month, c.cust_gender, SUM (sum_amount_sold) sum_amount_sold FROM sum_sales_month_mv s, customer c WHERE s.cust_id = c.cust_id AND c.country_id = 'ES' AND sunstr (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) = '2000' GROUP BY SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4), s.calendar_month_desc, c.cust_gender;
3. 定義對象類型和基於對象類型的表類型
定義對象類型並且為進一步引用做好准備。
(1)定義對象類型:TYPE sales_country_t
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sum_es_gend_mv BUILD DEFERRED REFRESH FAST ENABLE QUERY REWRITE AS SELECT SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) YEAR, s.calendar_month_desc cal_month, c.cust_gender, SUM (sum_amount_sold) sum_amount_sold FROM sum_sales_month_mv s, customer c WHERE s.cust_id = c.cust_id AND c.country_id = 'ES' AND sunstr (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4) = '2000' GROUP BY SUBSTR (s.calendar_month_desc, 1, 4), s.calendar_month_desc, c.cust_gender;
(2)定義表類型:TYPE SUM_SALES_COUNTRY_T_TAB
CREATE TYPE sum_sales_country_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_country_t;
(3)定義對象類型:TYPE sales_gender_t
CREATE TYPE sales_gender_t AS OBJECT ( YEAR VARCHAR2 (4), country_id CHAR (2), cust_gender CHAR (1), sum_amount_sold NUMBER );
(4)定義表類型:TYPE SUM_SALES_GENDER_T_TAB
CREATE TYPE sum_sales_gender_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_gender_t;
(5)定義對象類型:TYPE sales_roll_t
CREATE TYPE sales_roll_t AS OBJECT ( channel_desc VARCHAR2 (20), country_id CHAR (2), sum_amount_sold NUMBER );
(6)定義表類型:TYPE SUM_SALES_ROLL_T_TAB
CREATE TYPE sum_sales_roll_t_tab AS TABLE OF sales_roll_t;
(7)檢查一下建立的類型
SELECT object_name, object_type, status FROM user_objects WHERE object_type = 'TYPE';
4. 定義包:Create package and define REF CURSOR
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE cursor_pkg I TYPE sales_country_t_rec IS RECORD ( YEAR VARCHAR (4), country CHAR (2), sum_amount_sold NUMBER ); TYPE sales_gender_t_rec IS RECORD ( YEAR VARCHAR2 (4), country_id CHAR (2), cust_gender CHAR (1), sum_amount_sold NUMBER ); TYPE sales_roll_t_rec IS RECORD ( channel_desc VARCHAR2 (20), country_id CHAR (2), sum_amount_sold NUMBER ); TYPE sales_country_t_rectab IS TABLE OF sales_country_t_rec; TYPE sales_roll_t_rectab IS TABLE OF sales_roll_t_rec; TYPE strong_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR RETURN sales_country_t_rec; TYPE row_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR RETURN sum_sales_country_mv%ROWTYPE; TYPE roll_refcur_t IS REF CURSOR RETURN sales_roll_t_rec; TYPE refcur_t IS REF CURSOR; END corsor_pkg;
5. 定義表函數
(1)定義表函數:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_Week
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_week (cur CURSOR.refcur_t) RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab IS YEAR VARCHAR (4); country CHAR (2); sum_amount_sold NUMBER; objset sum_sales_country_t_tab := sum_sales_country_t_tab (); i NUMBER := 0; BEGIN LOOP -- Fetch from cursor variable FETCH cur INTO YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold; EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND; -- exit when last row is fetched -- append to collection i := i + 1; objset.EXTEND; objset (i) := sales_country_t (YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold); END LOOP; CLOSE cur; RETURN objset; END; /
(2)定義表函數:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_Strong
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_strong (cur cursor_pkg.strong_refcur_t) RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab PIPELINED IS YEAR VARCHAR (4); country CHAR (2); sum_amount_sold NUMBER; i NUMBER := 0; BEGIN LOOP FETCH cur INTO YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold; EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND; -- exit when last row fetched PIPE ROW (sales_country_t (YEAR, country, sum_amount_sold)); END LOOP; CLOSE cur; RETURN; END; /
(3)定義表函數:FUNCTION Table_Ref_Cur_row
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION table_ref_cur_row (cur cursor_pkg.row_refcur_t) RETURN sum_sales_country_t_tab PIPELINED IS in_rec cur%ROWTYPE; out_rec sales_country_t := sales_country_t (NULL, NULL, NULL); BEGIN LOOP FETCH cur INTO in_rec; EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND; -- exit when last row is fetched out_rec.YEAR := in_rec.YEAR; out_rec.country := in_rec.country; out_rec.sum_amount_sold := in_rec.sum_amount_sold; PIPE ROW (out_rec); END LOOP; CLOSE cur; RETURN; END; /
(4)定義表函數:FUNCTION Gender_Table_Ref_Cur_Week
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gender_table_ref_cur_week (cur cursor_pkg.refcur_t) RETURN sum_sales_gender_t_tab IS YEAR VARCHAR2 (4); country_id CHAR (2); cust_gender CHAR (1); sum_amount_sold NUMBER; objset sum_sales_gender_t_tab := sum_sales_gender_t_tab (); i NUMBER := 0; BEGIN LOOP FETCH cur INTO YEAR, country_id, cust_gender, sum_amount_sold; EXIT WHEN cur%NOTFOUND; -- exit when last row is fetched i := i + 1; objset.EXTEND; objset (i) := sum_sales_gender_t (YEAR, country_id, cust_gender, sum_amount_sold); END LOOP; CLOSE cur; RETURN objset; END; /
6. 調用表函數
下列 SQL 查詢語句調用已被定義的表函數。
SELECT * FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_week (CURSOR (SELECT * FROM sum_sales_country_mv))); SELECT * FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_strong (CURSOR (SELECT * FROM sum_sales_country_mv))); SELECT * FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_row (CURSOR (SELECT * FROM sum_sales_country_mv))); SELECT * FROM TABLE (table_ref_cur_week (CURSOR (SELECT * FROM sum_sales_country_mv WHERE country = 'AU')));
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Oracle 中 table 函數的應用淺析,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對幫客之家網站的支持!