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 程式師世界 >> 數據庫知識 >> Oracle數據庫 >> Oracle教程 >> DBMS_XPLAN詳細說明,dbmsxplan.display

DBMS_XPLAN詳細說明,dbmsxplan.display

編輯:Oracle教程

DBMS_XPLAN詳細說明,dbmsxplan.display


執行計劃的組成部分

正確的看執行計劃


DBMS_XPLAN 這個包是一個很好查看執行計劃,顯示很多格式,來分析執行計劃中存在的問題

format:控制詳細執行計劃輸出的格式,包含以下內容:

  • BASIC:顯示最少的信息-ID,operation name
  • TYPICAL :默認,在計劃中顯示最多相關信息(operation id,name,rows,bytes和cost),在適用時顯示pruning 、parallel和predicate 信息
  • SERIAL:像typical 除了並行信息不顯示,即使在並行中執行
  • ALL:最大用戶級別,包含信息顯示TYPICAL級別,在增加(PROJECTION、ALLAS和在分布式操作中REMOTE SQL)

format 關鍵字必須用逗號或者空格隔開

  • ROWS-相關,顯示優化器評估的行數
  • BYTES-顯示優化器評估的字節數量
  • COST-顯示優化器評估的代價信息
  • PARATITION-顯示優化器的裁集信息
  • PARALLEL-顯示PX信息(分配方法和表隊列的信息)
  • PREDICATE-顯示謂詞章節信息(predicate )
  • PROJECTION-顯示字段定義信息(projection)
  • ALLAS-顯示查詢塊名稱/對象別名(QUERY BLOCK NAME/OBJECT ALIAS)
  • REMOTE-顯示分布式查詢信息(如遠程從分布式遠程SQL)
  • NOTE-顯示計劃中NOTE信息
  • IOSTATS-當SQL語句被執行時,假如基本的計劃統計信息被收集(使用gather_plan_statistics hint或設置statistics_level參數設置為ALL),用格式ALL來顯示IO統計信息(或僅用LAST顯示)對這個游標的執行
  • MEMSTATS-假如PGA內存管理被啟用(這個是,pga_aggregate_target參數設置非為0),這個格式允許顯示內存的統計信息(如,操作者執行模式,內存被多少使用,多少的字節數被寫入磁盤等),這些統計信息應用到內存敏感的操作如hash-join,排序或一些位圖操作。
  • ALLSTATS-‘IOSTATS MEMSTATS’的縮寫
  • LAST-默認,計劃統計信息被顯示游標中的全部的執行計劃,關鍵字LAST被指定僅查看語句的最後一次執行計劃

以下兩種已經過時,但是支持向後的兼容性:

  • RUNSTATS_TOT-跟IOSTATS類同,顯示IO統計信息指定游標的全部統計信息
  • RUNSTATS_LAST跟 IOSTATS LAST ,顯示運行統計信息的游標最後一次統計信息

格式化關鍵字可以前綴通過標記‘-’排除指定的信息,如:‘-PROJECTION’就排除了projection 信息

類別分類和顯示

class level alias bytes cost note predicate parallel partition projection outlines peeked_binds remote rows BASIC                         TYPICAL   Y Y Y Y Y Y       Y Y SERIAL   Y Y Y Y             Y ALL Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y   Y Y ADVANCED Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

 


執行計劃的組成部分

  • 目標SQL語句
  • 執行計劃的主要部分:路徑、查詢塊命名、OUTline data、Predicate Information 、Column Projection Information
  • 輔助信息:NOTE(11g的基數評估、sql profile、動態采樣)

找到SQL_ID,調用DBMS_XPLAN包,格式化執行計劃

SELECT
  SQL_ID,
  CHILD_NUMBER
FROM
  V$SQL
WHERE
  SQL_TEXT LIKE 'select * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=7782%'
  AND SQL_TEXT NOT LIKE '%V$SQL%';
  
  SELECT
  *
FROM
  TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('75nc852bx00ub',0,'ADVANCED'));

SQL_ID  75nc852bx00ub, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=7782
 
Plan hash value: 2093672533
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                   | Name            | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |                 |       |       |     2 (100)|          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| GLL_OBJECT_0602 |     1 |   207 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IND_OBJECT      |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
   2 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3')
      DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      INDEX_RS_ASC(@"SEL$1" "GLL_OBJECT_0602"@"SEL$1" ("GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_ID"))
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=7782)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OWNER"[VARCHAR2,30], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,128], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SUBOBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."DATA_OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_TYPE"[VARCHAR2,19], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."CREATED"[DATE,7], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."LAST_DDL_TIME"[DATE,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TIMESTAMP"[VARCHAR2,19], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."STATUS"[VARCHAR2,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TEMPORARY"[VARCHAR2,1], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."GENERATED"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SECONDARY"[VARCHAR2,1], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."NAMESPACE"[NUMBER,22], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."EDITION_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30]
   2 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602".ROWID[ROWID,10], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)

輸出格式中真實ROWS

獲取SQL_ID

select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=:id

 

SELECT
  *
FROM
  TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('3ap5ukwk8gs9g',0,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PROJECTION +ALIAS +PREDICATE +COST +BYTES'));
SQL_ID  3ap5ukwk8gs9g, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where 
object_id=:id
 
Plan hash value: 3717822783
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name            | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |                 |      1 |        |       |   293 (100)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |    1072 |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| GLL_OBJECT_0602 |      1 |    872 |   176K|   293   (1)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |    1072 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=TO_NUMBER(:ID))
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OWNER"[VARCHAR2,30], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,128], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SUBOBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."DATA_OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_TYPE"[VARCHAR2,19], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."CREATED"[DATE,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."LAST_DDL_TIME"[DATE,7], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TIMESTAMP"[VARCHAR2,19], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."STATUS"[VARCHAR2,7], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TEMPORARY"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."GENERATED"[VARCHAR2,1], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SECONDARY"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."NAMESPACE"[NUMBER,22], 
       "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."EDITION_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30]
 

查詢塊的輸出,可以把內聯視圖的信息,在主查詢中去定義全表掃描還是索引訪問

SQL_ID  896fbd4yjghj8, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ FULL(@strange dept) */ ENAME from emp e, (select /*+ 
QB_NAME(strange) */* from dept where deptno=20) d where 
e.deptno=d.deptno and d.loc= 'DALLAS'
 
Plan hash value: 4192419542
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |     6 (100)|          |
|   1 |  NESTED LOOPS      |      |     1 |    31 |     6   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEPT |     1 |    11 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |     5 |   100 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$DB579D14
   2 - SEL$DB579D14 / DEPT@STRANGE
   3 - SEL$DB579D14 / E@SEL$1
 
前綴 行源操作 CRI$ CREATE INDEX statement DEL$ DELETE STATEMENT INS$ INSERT statement MISC$ miesc SQL 類似 lock table MRG$ Merge Statement SEL$ SELECT statement SET$ Set operators UPD$ Update statement

 


STARTS 實際執行行源的次數

 

SELECT
  *
FROM
  TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('bv3a5xts1cuh2',0,'ALLSTATS +PEEKED_BINDS +COST -PREDICATE'));

SQL_ID  0v8h8ka3hr0bp, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/  ENAME from emp e, (select * from 
dept where deptno=20) d where e.deptno=d.deptno and d.loc= 'DALLAS'
 
Plan hash value: 568005898
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                    | Name    | Starts | E-Rows | Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT             |         |      1 |        |     4 (100)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       9 |
|   1 |  NESTED LOOPS                |         |      1 |      5 |     4   (0)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       9 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPT    |      1 |      1 |     1   (0)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |       2 |
|   3 |    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN         | PK_DEPT |      1 |      1 |     0   (0)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |       1 |
|   4 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL          | EMP     |      1 |      5 |     3   (0)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       7 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
 

remote的信息展示

 


PARALLEL信息展示

 SELECT
  *
FROM
  TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('1ms60dn34wyy0',0,'ADVANCED'));

SQL_ID  1ms60dn34wyy0, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+PARALLEL(4)*/ ENAME from emp e, DEPT  d where 
e.deptno=d.deptno
 
Plan hash value: 2873591275
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation            | Name     | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |    TQ  |IN-OUT| PQ Distrib |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT     |          |       |       |     2 (100)|          |        |      |            |
|   1 |  PX COORDINATOR      |          |       |       |            |          |        |      |            |
|   2 |   PX SEND QC (RANDOM)| :TQ10000 |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | P->S | QC (RAND)  |
|   3 |    PX BLOCK ITERATOR |          |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWC |            |
|*  4 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP      |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWP |            |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
-------------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - SEL$F7859CDE
   4 - SEL$F7859CDE / E@SEL$1
 
Outline Data
-------------
 
  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3')
      DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3')
      ALL_ROWS
      SHARED(4)
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$F7859CDE")
      ELIMINATE_JOIN(@"SEL$1" "D"@"SEL$1")
      OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$F7859CDE" "E"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */
 
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
 
   4 - access(:Z>=:Z AND :Z<=:Z)
       filter("E"."DEPTNO" IS NOT NULL)
 
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
   1 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
   2 - (#keys=0) "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
   3 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
   4 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
 
Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
   - Degree of Parallelism is 4 because of hint
 

note信息

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
   - Degree of Parallelism is 4 because of hint


Note
-----
 - SQL profile “SQL_PROF_896fbd4yjghj8" used for this
statement

11g出現的基數評估
Note
-----
 - Cardinality feedback used

 


輸出指標的全部說明

指標參數 說明 通用內容   ID 執行計劃中每個步驟的標識符,如果前綴*,在謂詞部分有謂詞信息 operation 行源的操作方式 name 對象名稱:表、索引、視圖等 CB0 解析時間信息   rows 通過行源操作優化器評估的行返回的數量,來源操作對象的統計信息 Bytes 優化器評估的返回的數據量 tempspc 優化器評估臨時空間的使用率 Cost(%CPU) 優化器行源操作的代價,CPU百分比代價給於()中獨立的行源操作 time 評估需要執行這個操作的時間量,單位HH:MI: SS 分區   Pstart 第一個分區數目被訪問 Pstop 最後一個分區數目被訪問 並行處理   TQ 表隊列使用處理 IN-OUT 並行操作的關聯 PQ Distrib 由服務器端使用分配並發送數據給客戶端 真正運行統計信息   Starts 多少次數數目操作被執行(核對更多嵌套循環操作) A-ROWS 行返回的真實數目 A-TIMES 真實的時間量花費在執行這個操作上 I/O統計信息   buffers 當每個步驟執行,邏輯讀取操作執行 read 物理讀取執行每個操作步驟 write 物理寫入執行

 


DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_AWR輸出awr中的歷史執行計劃,不在重復說明

 


限制說明

DISPLAY_AWR不能存儲謂詞信息

awr中沒有存儲全部的SQL語句,導致一些語句無法查看到歷史的執行計劃

DISPLAY_CURor在rac環境下,不能全部顯示,只顯示連接的節點,需要查看另外節點的話,連接到另一個節點

顯示真實時間的統計信息需要SQL語句運行完成(需要長時間運行查詢)

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