1.rman完全恢復的前提條件:歷史的datafile,controlfile和spfile備份,加上完整的archivelog和完好的redolog。
2.rman備份腳本:
a.RMAN 0級備份命令:
run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocate channel c3 type disk; backup incremental level 0 tag 'level0' format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_0_%u_%s_%p" as compressed backupset database; sql "alter system archive log current"; backup filesperset 3 format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p_%c" archivelog all delete input; #備份歸檔可選,可以單獨定期備份 release channel c1; release channel c2; release channel c3; } rman_level_0b.RMAN 1級備份命令:
run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocate channel c3 type disk; backup incremental level 1 tag 'level1' format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_1_%u_%s_%p' as compressed backupset database; sql 'alter system archive log current'; backup filesperset 3 format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p' archivelog all delete input; #備份歸檔可選,可以單獨定期備份 release channel c1; release channel c2; release channel c3; } rman_level_1c.rman刪除備份命令(在保留最近一天備份的情況下,刪除其他備份):
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
d.操作系統層面運行rman備份或刪除命令:
rman target sys/rf4rfvbgt56yhn@rfdb nocatalog CMDFILE 'D:\app\rman\rman_file\level_0.txt' log=E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\log\rman_level_0.log View Code3.rman恢復
a.拷貝datafile,controlfile和spfile的rman備份,以及完整的archivelog和完好的redolog文件到新的數據庫。
b.切換至oracle用戶,進入rman(先設置sid):
export ORACLE_SID=rfdb
rlwrap rman target /
c.啟動一個偽實例:
RMAN> startup nomount connected to target database (not started) startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/dbs/initrfdb.ora' starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2260088 bytes Variable Size 281019272 bytes Database Buffers 780140544 bytes Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes
d.在偽實例下恢復spfile文件(必須要指定rman的備份片):
RMAN> restore spfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp"; Starting restore at 14-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete Finished restore at 14-DEC-15
e.關閉偽實例,用spfile文件啟動至nomount狀態:
RMAN> shutdown abort Oracle instance shut down RMAN> startup nomount connected to target database (not started) Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes Fixed Size 2260088 bytes Variable Size 910164872 bytes Database Buffers 150994944 bytes Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes
f.恢復控制文件(必須要指定rman的備份片,備份片應該和spfile的恢復片是同一個):
RMAN> restore controlfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp"; Starting restore at 14-DEC-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1146 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b0h_.ctl output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl Finished restore at 14-DEC-15
g.啟動數據庫至mount狀態:
RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1
h.把拷貝到新機器的備份文件注冊到(剛恢復的)控制文件中(redolog不能被注冊,所以最後有報錯,沒有關系):
RMAN> catalog start with "/u01/ora_bak"; Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 14-DEC-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1146 device type=DISK Crosschecked 1 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 14-DEC-15 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 14-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 14-DEC-15 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/backupset/2015_12_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151209T161546_c6hrslnq_.bkp File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/autobackup/2015_12_09/o1_mf_s_898014415_c6hsghgm_.bkp File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/autobackup/2015_12_09/o1_mf_s_898013812_c6hrvo18_.bkp searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/ora_bak List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896351_C4KSF2YN_.BKP File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_11_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_23_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_19_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_33_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_8_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_9_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_17_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_21_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_20_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_12_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_6_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_14_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_26_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_24_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_30_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_16_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_22_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_7_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_27_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_31_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_25_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_29_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_28_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_13_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_18_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_10_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_15_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_32_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_2_c5fr9h1f_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_3_c5fr9kfo_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_1_c5fr9ds4_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/backupset/2015_12_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151207T173421_c6bnnxsl_.bkp File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896118_C4KS5S1R_.BKP Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_11_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_23_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_19_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_33_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_8_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_9_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_17_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_21_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_20_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_12_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_6_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_14_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_26_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_24_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_30_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_16_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_22_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_7_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_27_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_31_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_25_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_29_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_28_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_13_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_18_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_10_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_15_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_32_896812716.dbf File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/backupset/2015_12_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151207T173421_c6bnnxsl_.bkp File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp List of Files Which Where Not Cataloged ======================================= File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896351_C4KSF2YN_.BKP RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 966107096 Database Name: RFDB File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl RMAN-07519: Reason: Error while cataloging. See alert.log. File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_2_c5fr9h1f_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_3_c5fr9kfo_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_1_c5fr9ds4_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log RMAN-07529: Reason: catalog is not supported for this file type File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896118_C4KS5S1R_.BKP RMAN-07518: Reason: Foreign database file DBID: 966107096 Database Name: RFDB
i.開始restore數據文件:
RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 14-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/datafile/o1_mf_system_c5fr6s3v_.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_c5fr6s6d_.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_c5fr6s7n_.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/datafile/o1_mf_users_c5fr6s88_.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/backupset/2015_12_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151209T161546_c6hrslnq_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/backupset/2015_12_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151209T161546_c6hrslnq_.bkp tag=TAG20151209T161546 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45 Finished restore at 14-DEC-15
j.開始recover數據(在此之前,需要先拷貝redolog到控制文件默認的路徑下):
redolog默認路徑:
SQL> select member from v$logfile; MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9kfo_.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9h1f_.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9ds4_.log 6 rows selected.
開始recover數據庫:
RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 14-DEC-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1137 device type=DISK starting media recovery archived log for thread 1 with sequence 15 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_15_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_16_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 17 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_17_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_18_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_19_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_20_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 21 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_21_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 22 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_22_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 23 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_23_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_24_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_25_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 26 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_26_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 27 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_27_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 28 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_28_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 29 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_29_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 30 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_30_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 31 is already on disk as file /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_31_896812716.dbf archived log for thread 1 with sequence 32 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log archived log for thread 1 with sequence 33 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log archived log for thread 1 with sequence 34 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_15_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=15 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_16_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=16 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_17_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=17 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_18_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=18 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_19_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=19 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_20_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=20 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_21_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=21 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_22_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=22 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_23_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=23 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_24_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=24 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_25_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=25 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_26_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=26 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_27_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=27 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_28_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=28 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_29_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=29 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_30_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=30 archived log file name=/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_31_896812716.dbf thread=1 sequence=31 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log thread=1 sequence=32 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log thread=1 sequence=33 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log thread=1 sequence=34 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04 Finished recover at 14-DEC-15
k.以resetlogs打開數據庫(在此之前,先刪除原來的redolog,因為數據庫會重新創建一組redolog):
刪除原來的redo:
rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/onlinelog/*
以resetlogs打開數據庫:
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs; using target database control file instead of recovery catalog database opened
至此,數據庫恢復全部完成!
---恢復內容結束---