可以通過p後面的數字在mos上面很容易的查到該補丁包，從該版本的補丁包的readme.html 中。我們可以看到這樣要求
2.1 OPatch Utility
You must use the OPatch utility version 11.2.0.3.6 or later to apply this patch. Oracle recommends that you use the latest released OPatch version for 11.2, which is available for download from My Oracle Support patch 6880880 by selecting the 11.2.0.0.0 release.
由於我們是用的系統盤直接裝的，默認的版本是這個：
[oracle@storedb OPatch]$ ./opatch version OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4版本是11.2.0.3.4 夠不到PATCH的最低的安裝版本，所以我們需要一個另外的PATCH來更新opatch的版本
1.把Opatch的環境變量配置
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
2.查看數據庫的版本
opatch version
[oracle@<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">storedb</span> OPatch]$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4
OPatch succeeded.
opatch lsinventory
[oracle@kadora4 OPatch]$ opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.4
Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oraInventory
from : /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-07-07_10-44-39AM_1.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2014-07-07_10-44-39AM.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 11g 11.2.0.4.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.更新補丁工具包
cd $ORACLE_HOME/
mv OPatch OPath_bak
unzip p6880880_112000_LINUX.zip
cd OPatch
[oracle@racdb1 db_1]$ cd OPatch
[oracle@racdb1 OPatch]$ ls
crs docs emdpatch.pl jlib ocm opatch opatch.bat opatchdiag opatchdiag.bat opatch.ini opatch.pl opatchprereqs oplan README.txt version.txt
[oracle@racdb1 OPatch]$
[oracle@racdb1 OPatch]$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.6
OPatch succeeded.
4.檢查你需要打的補丁是否與現有的補丁有沖突
unzip p18031668_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd 18031668
[oracle@racdb1 18031668]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
PREREQ session
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-07-09_01-59-50AM_1.log
Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"
Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.
OPatch succeeded.
5.關閉數據庫並更新最新的補丁
sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
cd 18031668
opatch apply
opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/17478514_Apr_02_2014_15_38_28/apply2014-04-02_15-38-28PM_1.log
You have not provided an email address for notification of security issues.
Do you wish to remain uninformed of security issues ([Y]es, [N]o) [N]: y
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 11.2.0.4.0...
Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 11.2.0.4.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 11.2.0.4.0...
OPatch found the word "warning" in the stderr of the make command.
Please look at this stderr. You can re-run this make command.
Stderr output:
ins_emagent.mk:113: warning: overriding commands for target `nmosudo'
ins_emagent.mk:52: warning: ignoring old commands for target `nmosudo'
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk:113: warning: overriding commands for target `nmosudo'
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk:52: warning: ignoring old commands for target `nmosudo'
Verifying the update...
Patch 17478514 successfully applied
OPatch Session completed with warnings.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/17478514_Apr_02_2014_15_38_28/apply2014-04-02_15-38-28PM_1.log
OPatch completed with warnings.
6.查看補丁：
opatch lsinventory
oracle@racdb1 OPatch]$ opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.6
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.6
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-07-09_02-10-23AM_1.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2014-07-09_02-10-23AM.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 11g 11.2.0.4.0
There are 1 product(s) installed in this Oracle Home.
Interim patches (1) :
Patch 18031668 : applied on Wed Jul 09 00:16:43 EDT 2014
Unique Patch ID: 17255543
Patch description: "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.2 (18031668)"
Created on 20 Feb 2014, 05:15:58 hrs PST8PDT
Sub-patch 17478514; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.1 (17478514)"
Bugs fixed:
17288409, 16399083, 17205719, 17811429, 10136473, 16472716, 17614227
17050888, 17040764, 17865671, 17325413, 14010183, 17726838, 13364795
17389192, 17612828, 17080436, 16613964, 17284817, 17441661, 17761775
17721717, 16721594, 17390431, 18203837, 17551709, 17344412, 16043574
17446237, 16863422, 18139690, 17071721, 17501491, 17610798, 17239687
17752121, 17468141, 17602269, 18203835, 17375354, 17313525, 17811456
16731148, 14133975, 18203838, 16956380, 17385178, 17235750, 13866822
17394950, 17478514, 17027426, 12905058, 14338435, 16450169, 13944971
18094246, 16929165, 16785708, 17265217, 17465741, 16220077, 16180763
16069901, 17546973, 16285691, 17323222, 18180390, 17088068, 16875449
17016369, 17443671, 16228604, 17811438, 17811447, 16837842, 18031668
16912439, 17332800, 17393683, 17622427, 17545847, 17186905, 16943711
16850630, 17082359, 17346671, 14852021, 17783588, 17437634, 16618694
17341326, 17296856, 17546761, 17716305
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.執行catbundle.sql將補丁信息反射到數據庫中，使數據庫知道你最後一次打了什麼補丁或者回滾了哪些補丁：
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> Rem
SQL>
SQL> SET TERMOUT on
SQL> SET ECHO off
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
1 row selected.
1 row selected.
Generating apply and rollback scripts...
Check the following file for errors:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/catbundle/catbundle_PSU_FTDB_GENERATE_2014Apr02_17_20_18.log
Apply script: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/rdbms/admin/catbundle_PSU_FTDB_APPLY.sql
Rollback script: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/rdbms/admin/catbundle_PSU_FTDB_ROLLBACK.sql
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Executing script file...
1 row selected.
SQL> COLUMN spool_file NEW_VALUE spool_file NOPRINT
SQL> SELECT '/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/catbundle/' || 'catbundle_PSU_' || name || '_APPLY_' || TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYYMonDD_hh24_mi_ss', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=''AMERICAN''') || '.log' AS spool_file FROM v$database;
1 row selected.
SQL> SPOOL &spool_file
SQL> exec dbms_registry.set_session_namespace('SERVER')
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> PROMPT Skipping Spatial because it is not installed or versions mismatch...
Skipping Spatial because it is not installed or versions mismatch...
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET current_schema = SYS;
Session altered.
SQL> PROMPT Updating registry...
Updating registry...
SQL> INSERT INTO registry$history
2 (action_time, action,
3 namespace, version, id,
4 bundle_series, comments)
5 VALUES
6 (SYSTIMESTAMP, 'APPLY',
7 SYS_CONTEXT('REGISTRY$CTX','NAMESPACE'),
8 '11.2.0.4',
9 1,
10 'PSU',
11 'PSU 11.2.0.4.1');
1 row created.
SQL> COMMIT;
Commit complete.
SQL> SPOOL off
SQL> SET echo off
Check the following log file for errors:
這個是手動升級db的方法，對於有grid結構的數據庫，我們可以通過OPATCH AUTO的方式來進行數據庫的自動升級
1,更新gird和oracle用戶的Opatch文件 unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /oracle/11.2.0/grid unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 2.生成響應文件 cd /oracle/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin ./emocmrsp 3，自動打補丁，打補丁的時候grid會自動重啟 數據庫啟動狀態 su -root /oracle/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /oracle/media/psu -ocmrf /oracle/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp 此步操作我們需要注意幾個問題 (1) 補丁集的屬組需要為oracle:oinstall (2) 我們需要斷開一切的數據庫的連接，不然的話在進行升級的時候會報錯 optach auto的過程中我們是看不到具體的錯誤內容的 它的安裝日志在/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs這個文件夾下來，如果遇到錯誤，我們可以看到詳細的錯誤日志，從而分析出錯誤的原因 (3) 進行opatch auto的時候我們需要關閉掉數據庫，grid可以不用關閉，在升級的時候會自動的進行關閉 4. 安裝完成進行驗證
