在ORACLE數據庫中，RMAN備份的腳本非常多，下面介紹一例shell腳本如何通過RMAN備份，以及FTP上傳RMAN備份文件以及歸檔日志文件的腳本。
fullback.sh 裡面調用RMAN命令做數據庫備份，它使用的cmdfile為/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同時在/home/oracle/backup/logs目錄下生成日志文件。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/bash
4:
5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
6:
7: export ORACLE_SID=gps
8:
9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
10:
11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP
12:
13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
14:
15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
16:
17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
18:
19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
20:
21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
22:
23: export CLASSPATH
24:
25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
26:
27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log
28:
29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh
30:
fullback.rcv文件非常簡單， 如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv
2:
3: run{4:
5: allocate channel c4 type disk;
6:
7: backup as compressed backupset
8:
9: skip inaccessible
10:
11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog
12:
13: (database);
14:
15: backup current controlfile;
16:
17: backup spfile;
18:
19: sql "alter system archive log current";
20:
21: delete noprompt obsolete;
22:
23: release channel c4;
24:
25: }
26:
RMAN生成的備份文件，需要通過FTP上傳到FTP服務器，一則數據庫服務器沒有這麼多空間存儲多天的備份，二則是出於容災、數據安全需要。
下面腳本中FTP服務器，用戶名密碼均使用xxx替代，在實際環境中，使用具體的信息替代即可。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh、
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
34:
35: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
36:
37: echo "cd .." >>/home/oracle/.netrc
38:
39: echo "cd ../backupset" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
40:
41: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
42:
43: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
44:
45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
46:
47: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
48:
49: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
50:
51: echo "cd ../autobackup" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
52:
53: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
54:
55: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
56:
57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
58:
59: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
60:
61: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
62:
63: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
64:
65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
66:
67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1
68:
另外，關於歸檔日志也需要每隔2小時上傳一次到FTP服務器，2小時上傳一次歸檔日志的shell腳本如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1
34:
最後需要將RMAN備份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上傳備份文件以及歸檔日志的記錄通過郵件形式發送給DBA或系統管理員，
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh
2: #!/bin/bash
3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"
6: content="Dear colleagues,
7:
8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please
9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been dumped to tape, many tha
10: nks
11:
12:
13:
14:
15: Best regards
16: Oracle Alert Services
17:
18: "
19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"
20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => '[email protected]'}; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai23: l.pl
24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => '[email protected]',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl25: echo "cc=>'[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]'," >> /home/oracle/backup/b
26: in/sendmail.pl
27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
最後在Crontab 作業裡面配置調用這些shell腳本。例如如下所示，在1：01分執行fullback.sh ，每隔兩個小時（例如0:50、2:50...)執行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40執行chkbackandmail.sh 發送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的執行日志記錄。
