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--有輸出參數的存儲進程-- create proc GetComment (@commentid int) as select * from Comment where CommentID=@commentid --有輸出與輸入參數的存儲進程-- create proc GetCommentCount @newsid int, @count int output as select @count=count(*) from Comment where NewsID=@newsid --前往單個值的函數-- create function MyFunction (@newsid int) returns int as begin declare @count int select @count=count(*) from Comment where NewsID=@newsid return @count end --挪用辦法-- declare @count int exec @count=MyFunction 2 print @count --前往值為表的函數-- Create function GetFunctionTable (@newsid int) returns table as return (select * from Comment where NewsID=@newsid) --前往值為表的函數的挪用-- select * from GetFunctionTable(2)
SQLServer 存儲進程中不拼接SQL字符串完成多前提查詢
--之前拼接的寫法 set @sql=' select * from table where 1=1 ' if (@addDate is not null) set @sql = @sql+' and addDate = '+ @addDate + ' ' if (@name <>'' and is not null) set @sql = @sql+ ' and name = ' + @name + ' ' exec(@sql)
上面是 不采取拼接SQL字符串完成多前提查詢的處理計劃
--第一種寫法是 感到代碼有些冗余 if (@addDate is not null) and (@name <> '') select * from table where addDate = @addDate and name = @name else if (@addDate is not null) and (@name ='') select * from table where addDate = @addDate else if(@addDate is null) and (@name <> '') select * from table where and name = @name else if(@addDate is null) and (@name = '') select * from table --第二種寫法是 select * from table where (addDate = @addDate or @addDate is null) and (name = @name or @name = '') --第三種寫法是 SELECT * FROM table where addDate = CASE @addDate IS NULL THEN addDate ELSE @addDate END, name = CASE @name WHEN '' THEN name ELSE @name END
SQLSERVER存儲進程根本語法
1、界說變量
--簡略賦值 declare @a int set @a=5 print @a --應用select語句賦值 declare @user1 nvarchar(50) select @user1= '張三' print @user1 declare @user2 nvarchar(50) select @user2 = Name from ST_User where ID=1 print @user2 --應用update語句賦值 declare @user3 nvarchar(50) update ST_User set @user3 = Name where ID=1 print @user3
2、表、暫時表、表變量
--創立暫時表1 create table #DU_User1 ( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL ); --向暫時表1拔出一筆記錄 insert into #DU_User1 (ID,Oid,[Login],Rtx, Name ,[ Password ],State) values (100,2, 'LS' , '0000' , '暫時' , '321' , '特別' ); --從ST_User查詢數據,填充至重生成的暫時表 select * into #DU_User2 from ST_User where ID<8 --查詢並結合兩暫時表 select * from #DU_User2 where ID<3 union select * from #DU_User1 --刪除兩暫時表 drop table #DU_User1 drop table #DU_User2 --創立暫時表 CREATE TABLE #t ( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL , ) --將查詢成果集(多條數據)拔出暫時表 insert into #t select * from ST_User --不克不及如許拔出 --select * into #t from dbo.ST_User --添加一列,為int型自增加子段 alter table #t add [myid] int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) --添加一列,默許填充全球獨一標識 alter table #t add [myid1] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL default (newid()) select * from #t drop table #t --給查詢成果集增長自增加列 --無主鍵時: select IDENTITY( int ,1,1) as ID, Name ,[Login],[ Password ] into #t from ST_User select * from #t --有主鍵時: select ( select SUM (1) from ST_User where ID<= a.ID) as myID,* from ST_User a order by myID --界說表變量 declare @t table ( id int not null , msg nvarchar(50) null ) insert into @t values (1, '1' ) insert into @t values (2, '2' ) select * from @t
3、輪回
--while輪回盤算1到100的和 declare @a int declare @ sum int set @a=1 set @ sum =0 while @a<=100 begin set @ sum +=@a set @a+=1 end print @ sum
4、前提語句
--if,else前提分支 if(1+1=2) begin print '對' end else begin print '錯' end --when then前提分支 declare @today int declare @week nvarchar(3) set @today=3 set @week= case when @today=1 then '禮拜一' when @today=2 then '禮拜二' when @today=3 then '禮拜三' when @today=4 then '禮拜四' when @today=5 then '禮拜五' when @today=6 then '禮拜六' when @today=7 then '禮拜日' else '值毛病' end print @week
5、游標
declare @ID int declare @Oid int declare @Login varchar (50) --界說一個游標 declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User --翻開游標 open user_cur while @@fetch_status=0 begin --讀取游標 fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Login end close user_cur --摧毀游標 deallocate user_cur
5、游標
declare @ID int declare @Oid int declare @Login varchar (50) --界說一個游標 declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User --翻開游標 open user_cur while @@fetch_status=0 begin --讀取游標 fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Login end close user_cur --摧毀游標 deallocate user_cur
6、觸發器
觸發器中的暫時表:
Inserted
寄存停止insert和update 操作後的數據
Deleted
寄存停止delete 和update操作前的數據
--創立觸發器 Create trigger User_OnUpdate On ST_User for Update As declare @msg nvarchar(50) --@msg記載修正情形 select @msg = N '姓名從“' + Deleted. Name + N '”修正為“' + Inserted. Name + '”' from Inserted,Deleted --拔出日記表 insert into [LOG](MSG) values (@msg) --刪除觸發器 drop trigger User_OnUpdate
7、存儲進程
--創立帶output參數的存儲進程 CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum @a int , @b int , @ sum int output AS BEGIN set @ sum =@a+@b END --創立Return前往值存儲進程 CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum2 @a int , @b int AS BEGIN Return @a+@b END --履行存儲進程獲得output型前往值 declare @mysum int execute PR_Sum 1,2,@mysum output print @mysum --履行存儲進程獲得Return型前往值 declare @mysum2 int execute @mysum2= PR_Sum2 1,2 print @mysum2
8、自界說函數
函數的分類:
1)標量值函數
2)表值函數
a:內聯表值函數
b:多語句表值函數
3)體系函數
--新建標量值函數 create function FUNC_Sum1 ( @a int , @b int ) returns int as begin return @a+@b end --新建內聯表值函數 create function FUNC_UserTab_1 ( @myId int ) returns table as return ( select * from ST_User where ID<@myId) --新建多語句表值函數 create function FUNC_UserTab_2 ( @myId int ) returns @t table ( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL ) as begin insert into @t select * from ST_User where ID<@myId return end --挪用表值函數 select * from dbo.FUNC_UserTab_1(15) --挪用標量值函數 declare @s int set @s=dbo.FUNC_Sum1(100,50) print @s --刪除標量值函數 drop function FUNC_Sum1